ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2021
Cancer incidence in World Trade Center-exposed and non-exposed male firefighters, as compared with the US adult male population: 2001-2016.
Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prolonged brain cytokine elevation and microgliosis following exposure to World Trade Center dust particulate matter in male spontaneously hypertensive rats.Journal of immunotoxicology · 2026Article
- Characteristics of Participants During the First Three Years of the National Firefighter Registry for Cancer, United States, January 2023-December 2025.American journal of industrial medicine · 2026Article
- Overcoming social determinants: World trade center health program monitoring use among the general responders.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Effect of World Trade Center Health Program on mortality among 9/11 responders.Annals of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Non-invasive liver fibrosis scores and mortality in a cohort of World Trade Center rescue/recovery workers.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)-Related Mortality Among World Trade Center-Exposed and Non-World Trade Center-Exposed Rescue and Recovery Workers.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Assessing cancer risk in firefighters in Northern Germany: a retrospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Mortality in a cohort of WTC-exposed law-enforcement officers compared to non-WTC law-enforcement officers.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2025Article
- Managing cancer following the World Trade Center disaster.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2024Article
- Colorectal cancer screening: results from the World Trade Center Health Registry cohort.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Article
- Examination of Firefighting as an Occupational Exposure Criteria for Lung Cancer Screening.Lung · 2024Article
- Firefighting and Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies in the Context of Cancer Hazard Identification.Safety and health at work · 2023Review
- All-cause and cause-specific mortality in a cohort of WTC-exposed and non-WTC-exposed firefighters.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic disparity in the association between fine particulate matter exposure and papillary thyroid cancer.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- A 15-year follow-up study of mortality in a pooled cohort of World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Mutagenicity of the organic fraction of World Trade Center dust.Environmental and molecular mutagenesis · 2023Article
- Cancer risk and mortality among firefighters: a meta-analytic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Cancer risk among World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers: A review.CA: a cancer journal for clinicians · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare cancer incidence in Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) firefighters who worked at the World Trade Center (WTC) site to incidence in a population of non-WTC-exposed firefighters, the Career Firefighter Health Study (CFHS) cohort, and to compare rates from each firefighter cohort to rates in demographically similar US males.
methodsFDNY (N=10 786) and CFHS (N=8813) cohorts included male firefighters who were active on 11 September 2001 (9/11) and were followed until death or 31 December 2016. Cases were identified from 15 state cancer registries. Poisson regression models assessed cancers in each group (FDNY and CFHS) versus US males, and associations between group and cancer rates; these models estimated standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and adjusted relative rates (RRs), respectively. Secondary analyses assessed surveillance bias and smoking history.
resultsWe identified 915 cancer cases in 841 FDNY firefighters and 1002 cases in 909 CFHS firefighters. FDNY had: higher rates for all cancers (RR=1.13; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.25), prostate (RR=1.39; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.63) and thyroid cancer (RR=2.53; 95% CI 1.37 to 4.70); younger median ages at diagnosis (55.6 vs 59.4; p<0.001, all cancers); and more cases with localised disease when compared with CFHS. Compared with US males, both firefighter cohorts had elevated SIRs for prostate cancer and melanoma. Control for surveillance bias in FDNY reduced most differences.
conclusionsExcess cancers occurred in WTC-exposed firefighters relative to each comparison group, which may partially be explained by heightened surveillance. Two decades post-9/11, clearer understanding of WTC-related risk requires extended follow-up and modelling studies (laboratory or animal based) to identify workplace exposures in all firefighters.
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