ArticleJournal of affective disorders2021
An examination of racial and ethnic disparities in mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic in the U.S. South.
Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of the Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 on Vulnerable and Non-Vulnerable Groups: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Facing the pandemic amidst mental health challenges: A longitudinal study of Black and Latino public housing residents.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Mental Health Access in the United States.: A Cross-Ethnic Comparative Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- State-level analysis of mental health disparities between White, Black, and Hispanic populations before and after COVID-19.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Article
- Mental healthcare practices from entry to release across Southeastern jails.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Psychological distress across 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic differs by age and by race/ethnicity.Journal of traumatic stress · 2025Article
- Assessment of mental and physical health outcomes over time in an integrated care setting.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Mental Health Status by Race, Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status among Young Adults in Texas during COVID-19.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Child and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Experiences of Minority Frontline Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Social Vulnerability, COVID-19, Racial Violence, and Depressive Symptoms: a Cross-sectional Study in the Southern United States.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in a Predominantly Hispanic/Latinx South Texas Community in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence and patterns of methamphetamine use and mental health disparity in the United States.Nature. Mental health · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic as an Equalizer of the Health Returns of Educational Attainment for Black and White Americans.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Trends in Mental Wellbeing of US Children, 2019-2022: Erosion of Mental Health Continued in 2022.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic Associations on Mental and Physical Health in African Americans Participating in a Behavioral Intervention.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Increased Self-Reported Mental Health Problems Among Asian-Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Database.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Pre-pandemic mental health and coping strategy usage during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis of the Southern Cities Study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Gender and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Undergraduate and Graduate Students' Mental Health and Treatment Use Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic.Administration and policy in mental health · 2023Article
- Disparities in insecurity, social support, and family relationships in association with poor mental health among US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe mental health of racial/ethnic minority groups in the United States may be disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic due to greater experience of peri-pandemic stressors. Yet, few studies have systematically examined racial/ethnic differences in mental health outcomes in this context.
methodsData came from the COVID-19 Southern Cities Study, a probability-based, cross-sectional study conducted in May/June 2020 among adults living in the metropolitan statistical areas of Atlanta, Austin, Dallas, Houston, and New Orleans. Unadjusted and adjusted associations between racial/ethnic identity and past-week depression and/or anxiety symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-2 score ≥ 3 or Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 score ≥ 3), trouble sleeping, physical reactions when thinking about COVID-19, and self-rated worsened mental health due to the pandemic were estimated in separate logistic regression models.
resultsOver 30% of respondents reported depression and/or anxiety symptoms, 21% reported physical reactions, 25% had trouble sleeping, and 33% worsened mental health since the pandemic began. Adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics and pandemic-related stressors, odds of anxiety symptoms (odds ratio (OR) 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.95) and worsened mental health (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36-0.94) were lower among non-Hispanic Black vs. non-Hispanic white respondents. LIMITATIONS: No diagnostic assessments were used, and results may not be generalizable to later phases of the pandemic and the entire U.S. South.
conclusionsDespite greater pandemic-related stressor experience, poor mental health outcomes were not more common among racial/ethnic minority individuals. However, interventions to reduce disparities in stressor experience and promote mental health are needed.
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