ArticleNeuroImage2021
Cortical Thickness in bilingual and monolingual children: Relationships to language use and language skill.
Article in NeuroImage, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Brain-structural differences underlying dialect competence in the bilingual network.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Associations between brain structure and both language proficiency and language balance in early bilinguals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Are executive function and neuroanatomy in ADHD modulated by bilingualism?bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neuroanatomical differences in early bilingual and monolingual children.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Rethinking language, cognition and assessment in psychosis: How bilingualism challenges psychiatry and how natural language processing can help.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Sex-at-Birth and Age Analyses of Cortical Structure in the ABCD Study.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Altered cortical thickness associated with psychotic symptoms and cognitive profiles in involuntarily hospitalized, first-episode, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Language experience influences performance on the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery: A cluster analysis.Humanities & social sciences communications · 2025Article
- Subcortical and cerebellar volume differences in bilingual and monolingual children: An ABCD study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2024Article
- Large-scale investigation of white matter structural differences in bilingual and monolingual children: An adolescent brain cognitive development data study.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Cortical Thickness Is Related to Variability in Heritage Bilingual Language Proficiency.Translational issues in psychological science · 2023Article
- The influence of orthographic depth on multilinguals' neural networks.Neuropsychologia · 2022Article
- Gyrification in relation to cortical thickness in the congenitally blind.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence based on adult neuroimaging that suggests that the brain adapts to bilingual experiences to support language proficiency. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is a useful source of data for evaluating this claim during childhood, as it involves data from a large sample of American children. Using the baseline ABCD Study data collected at ages nine and ten, the goal of this study was to identify differences in cortical thickness between bilinguals and monolinguals and to evaluate how variability in English vocabulary and English use within bilinguals might explain these group differences. We identified bilingual participants as children who spoke a non-English language and were exposed to the non-English language at home. We then identified a matched sample of English monolingual participants based on age, sex, pubertal status, parent education, household income, non-verbal IQ, and handedness. Bilinguals had thinner cortex than monolinguals in widespread cortical regions. Within bilinguals, more English use was associated with greater frontal and parietal cortical thickness; greater English vocabulary was associated with greater frontal and temporal cortical thickness. These findings replicate and extend previous research with bilingual children and highlight unexplained cortical thickness differences between bilinguals and monolinguals.
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