ArticleEnvironmental research2022
Early childhood fluoride exposure and preadolescent kidney function.
Article in Environmental research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigation of Misleading Techniques Used in Online Fluoride Misinformation.International journal of dental hygiene · 2026Article
- Epidemiological relevant effect biomarkers for thyroid hormone system related adverse outcome pathways: a literature review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Urinary fluoride and dental fluorosis in relation to kidney and liver function in adolescents and young adults in the United States.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- International fluoride symposium: effects of fluoride on human health and its mechanisms of action - a meeting report.BMC proceedings · 2025Article
- Correlation of fluoride intake with haemoglobin level and intelligence quotient in 8-12 year aged children: an observational study from India.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Article
- The Footprints of Mitochondrial Fission and Apoptosis in Fluoride-Induced Renal Dysfunction.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Environmental fluoride exposure and implications on potential pediatric kidney health risks: an approach with urinary biomarkers.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Longitudinal associations between early-life fluoride exposures and cardiometabolic outcomes in school-aged children.Environment international · 2024Article
- Necessity to Pay Attention to the Effects of Low Fluoride on Human Health: an Overview of Skeletal and Non-skeletal Damages in Epidemiologic Investigations and Laboratory Studies.Biological trace element research · 2023Review
- Prenatal and early childhood critical windows for the association of nephrotoxic metal and metalloid mixtures with kidney function.Environment international · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEarly-life renal maturation is susceptible to nephrotoxic environmental chemicals. Given the widespread consumption of fluoride and the global obesity epidemic, our main aim was to determine whether childhood fluoride exposure adversely affects kidney function in preadolescence, and if adiposity status modifies this association.
methodsOur study included 438 children from the PROGRESS cohort. Urinary fluoride (uF) was assessed at age 4 by diffusion analysis; outcomes studied included estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), selected kidney proteins and blood pressure measured at age 8-12 years. We modeled the relationship between uF and outcomes, and adjusted for body mass index (BMI), age, sex, and socioeconomic status.
resultsThe median uF concentration was 0.67 μg/mL. We observed null associations between 4-year uF and preadolescent eGFR, although effect estimates were in the expected inverse direction. A single unit increase in ln-transformed uF was associated with a 2.2 mL/min decrease in cystatin C-based eGFR (95% CI: 5.8, 1.4; p = 0.23). We observed no evidence of sex-specific effects or effect modification by BMI status. Although uF was not associated with BMI, among children with obesity, we observed an inverse association (β: 4.8; 95% CI: 10.2, 0.6; p = 0.08) between uF and eGFR.
conclusionsLow-level fluoride exposure in early childhood was not associated with renal function in preadolescence. However, given the adverse outcomes of chronic fluoride consumption it is possible that the preadolescent age was too young to observe any effects. Longitudinal follow-up in this cohort and others is an important next step.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.