ArticlePloS one2021
Virological failure and associated factors among children receiving anti-retroviral therapy, Northwest Ethiopia.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virologic failure and its determinants among HIV patients progress towards the third 95% global target in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and predictors of virological failure among the people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in East Africa: evidence from a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression of published studies from 2016 to 2023.HIV research & clinical practice · 2025Pooled it
- Characterizing the HIV care continuum among children and adolescents with HIV in eastern and southern Africa in the era of "Universal Test and Treat": A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Burden of virologic failure, and its determinants among HIV positive children in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.African health sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence and predictors of virological failure in pediatric patients on HAART in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Pan African medical journal · 2023Pooled it
- Predictors of Sustained Viral Suppression among Children Living with HIV in Kenya: Secondary Analysis of Data from a Randomized Control Study.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2026Trial
- Maternal Engagement in HIV Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Uptake Among Children Living With HIV.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Time to treatment failure and its predictors among children attending antiretroviral therapy in Jimma, southwest Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- HIV viral suppression outcomes of Tenofovir- and Abacavir-based antiretroviral regimens among children on ART in Zambia.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Viral suppression in the context of SARS-CoV-2 among children infected with HIV-1 monitored in five health facilities in Benin.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Virological failure in a pediatric cohort on a dolutegravir based regimen: a retrospective study in northwest Ethiopia, 2017-2023.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Viral suppression rate at operation triple zero (Otz) and regular art follow-Up programs and associated factors among adolescent clients of Addis Ababa Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.Virology journal · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVirological failure is under-recognized issue among children living with human immunodeficiency virus in developing countries. This partly may lead to failure to achieve the global goal of 90-90-90 targets in most developing countries including Ethiopia.
objectivesThis study aimed to assess the virological failure and its predictors among children receiving antiretroviral therapy at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
methodsAn institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 253 study cohorts from January 2020-April 2021. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire via a face-to-face interview, while detailed clinical data of the children were collected by reviewing the medical record. About 5 ml of blood were collected for the analysis of complete blood count and viral load quantification. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and variables at p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were considered as statistically significant.
resultsIn this study, the viral load suppression rate among antiretroviral therapy experienced children was 68.8%. Meanwhile, the overall virological failure among study participants was 19.4%. Children living without family (AOR = 3.63; 95%CI: 1.27-10.24), children with unemployed family (AOR = 4.95; 95%CI: 1.74-14.12), being wasted (AOR = 3.02; 95%CI: 1.19-7.67) being stunted (AOR = 2.38;95%CI:1.03-5.46), anemia (AOR = 5.50:95%CI;1.37-22.04) and being lymphopenic (AOR = 2.69:95%CI;1.04-7.75) were significantly associated with virological failure among children under treatment.
conclusionHigher virological failure among children was noteworthy in the present study. Caretakers other than immediate family, unemployed family, wasted, stunted, anemia, and lymphopenia were significant independent predictors of virological failure. Hence, standard, and optimal management of children under treatment should be warranted.
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