ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2021
Stepwise Evolution and Exceptional Conservation of ORF1a/b Overlap in Coronaviruses.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- RIG-I-dependent sensing of PEDV shapes epithelial antiviral immunity in the intestinal mucosa.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Antivirals Identified from Small Molecule Modulators of Programmed -1 Ribosomal Frameshifting.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Tracking the pandemic through molecular and sequencing tools: a story of SARS- CoV-2 over five years, lessons learned, and further directions.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Stem loop binding protein promotes SARS-CoV-2 replication via -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Genetic Conservation and Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Gene Across Variants of Concern.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 Frameshift Stimulatory Element with an Upstream Multibranch Loop.Biochemistry · 2024Article
- Evolution of coronavirus frameshifting elements: Competing stem networks explain conservation and variability.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
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3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
The programmed frameshift element (PFE) rerouting translation from ORF1a to ORF1b is essential for the propagation of coronaviruses. The combination of genomic features that make up PFE-the overlap between the two reading frames, a slippery sequence, as well as an ensemble of complex secondary structure elements-places severe constraints on this region as most possible nucleotide substitution may disrupt one or more of these elements. The vast amount of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing data generated within the past year provides an opportunity to assess the evolutionary dynamics of PFE in great detail. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of all available coronaviral genomic data available to date. We show that the overlap between ORF1a and ORF1b evolved as a set of discrete 7, 16, 22, 25, and 31 nucleotide stretches with a well-defined phylogenetic specificity. We further examined sequencing data from over 1,500,000 complete genomes and 55,000 raw read data sets to demonstrate exceptional conservation and detect signatures of selection within the PFE region.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.