Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34505006›Full record

ArticleiScience2021

Tendon-inspired anti-freezing tough gels.

Sidi Duan, Shuwang Wu, Mutian Hua, Dong Wu, Yichen Yan, Xinyuan Zhu, Ximin He

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sidi DuanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Shuwang WuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Mutian HuaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Dong WuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Yichen YanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Xinyuan ZhuSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Ximin HeDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hydrogels have gained tremendous attention due to their versatility in soft electronics, actuators, biomedical sensors, etc. Due to the high water content, hydrogels are usually soft, weak, and freeze below 0°C, which brings severe limitations to applications such as soft robotics and flexible electronics in harsh environments. Most existing anti-freezing gels suffer from poor mechanical properties and urgently need further improvements. Here, we took inspirations from tendon and coniferous trees and provided an effective method to strengthen polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel while making it freeze resistant. The salting-out effect was utilized to create a hierarchically structured polymer network, which induced superior mechanical properties (Young's modulus: 10.1 MPa, tensile strength: 13.5 MPa, and toughness: 127.9 MJ/m

Indexed as

biomimeticsmaterials propertypolymers

Identifiers

PMID34505006
PMCPMC8417335

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.