Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34504480›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2021

Metagenomic Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Untreated Wastewater From Three Different Hospitals.

Xiurong Guo, Nan Tang, Hui Lei, Qi Fang, Li Liu, Quan Zhou, Can Song

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  9. Bacterivorous CiliateAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  12. Novel insights into genetic characteristics ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiurong GuoSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Nan TangSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Hui LeiSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Qi FangSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Li LiuSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Quan ZhouSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Can SongSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Southwest Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Controlling antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a worldwide intervention to ensure global health. Hospital wastewater is the main pollution source of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and ARGs in the environment. Expanding our knowledge on the bacterial composition of hospital wastewater could help us to control infections in hospitals and decrease pathogen release into the environment. In this study, a high-throughput sequencing-based metagenomic approach was applied to investigate the community composition of bacteria and ARGs in untreated wastewater from three different types of hospitals [the general hospital, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) hospital, and stomatology hospital]. In total, 130 phyla and 2,554 genera were identified from the microbiota of the wastewaters, with significantly different bacterial community compositions among the three hospitals. Total ARG analysis using the Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database (ARDB) and Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) revealed that the microbiota in the wastewaters from the three hospitals harbored different types and percentage of ARGs, and their composition was specific to the hospital type based on the correlation analysis between species and ARG abundance, some ARGs contributed to different bacterial genera with various relationships in different hospitals. In summary, our findings demonstrated a widespread occurrence of ARGs and ARG-harboring microbiota in untreated wastewaters of different hospitals, suggesting that protection measures should be applied to prevent human infections. Concurrently, hospital wastewater should be treated more specifically for the removal of pathogens before its discharge into the urban sewage system.

Indexed as

antibiotic resistance genesbacterial pathogenshospital wastewatermetagenomicmicrobiota

Identifiers

PMID34504480
PMCPMC8421800
OpenAlexW3194968687

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.