ArticleJournal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA
Identifying over-the-counter information to prioritize for the purpose of reducing adverse drug reactions in older adults: A national survey of pharmacists.
Article in Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04345731 (Over-the-counter), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Over-the-counter (OTC) Labels for Older Adults
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of patient age on the pharmacist's recommendation of OTC anti-common cold products before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Unveiling pedagogical effects of blended multimedia and slide-based approaches on students' self-efficacy and performance in over-the-counter medication counseling: an explanatory mixed methods study.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- A novel strategy to optimize critical information on over the counter labels for older adults.Health science reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOver-the-counter (OTC) medication use is associated with risks of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), particularly among older adults. The Drug Facts Label (DFL) is supposed to provide consumers with information that would avoid ADRs, yet research suggests that consumers frequently fail to interact with this critical information. We postulate that emphasizing critical information by placing it on the front of the package may increase its usage. Before doing so, the most critical information from the DFL needs to be identified.
objectivesThis study aimed to determine which information from the DFL is most critical in reducing ADRs at the time of purchase or use by older adults.
methodsA national survey of practicing pharmacists knowledgeable about OTC medication use by older adults asked participants to rank order the importance of the DFL sections to reduce ADRs in older adults. Open-ended questions focused on identifying ways of improving OTC medication labeling. Quantitative rankings were used to calculate the content validity ratio and analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Qualitative results were categorized into themes.
resultsA total of 318 responses (12% response rate) were analyzed. There was high consensus that uses and purpose, active ingredient, warnings, and directions for use were the most important sections of the DFL. Within the warning section, 2 specific warnings, "Do not use" and "Ask a doctor or pharmacist," were deemed most important. Similarly, qualitative themes focused on seeking health care provider assistance or were specific to age-related precautions.
conclusionsPrioritizing warnings that highlight the importance of possible drug-drug and drug-disease precautions and the need to seek medical advice before taking OTC medications were deemed most critical. Moving this type of information to the front of the package may help reduce ADRs among older adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.