Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34503513›Full record

ArticleBMC medicine2021

Genome-wide analysis of blood lipid metabolites in over 5000 South Asians reveals biological insights at cardiometabolic disease loci.

Eric L Harshfield, Eric B Fauman, David Stacey, Dirk S Paul, Daniel Ziemek, Rachel M Y Ong, John Danesh, Adam S Butterworth, Asif Rasheed, Taniya Sattar and 20 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Use of Mendelian Randomization to Unveil Metabolic Markers inJournal of Korean medical science · 2026
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  9. Blood biomarkers and breed genetics of aging in pet dogs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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  13. Patterns of lipid profile and genetic variations in South Asians.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

30 authors at 13 institutions in 4 countries.

Eric L HarshfieldBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK. eh457@medschl.cam.ac.uk.
Eric B FaumanInternal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
David StaceyBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
Dirk S PaulBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
Daniel ZiemekInflammation and Immunology, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, 10785, Berlin, Germany.
Rachel M Y OngBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
John DaneshBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
Adam S ButterworthBritish Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
Asif RasheedCenter for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Taniya SattarCenter for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Zameer-Ul-AsarCenter for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Imran SaleemCenter for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Zoubia HinaCenter for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Unzila IshtiaqCenter for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Nadeem QamarNational Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan.
Nadeem Hayat MallickPunjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore, 42000, Pakistan.
Zia YaqubNational Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan.
Tahir SaghirNational Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan.
Syed Nadeem Hasan RizviNational Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan.
Anis MemonNational Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan.
Mohammad IshaqKarachi Institute of Heart Diseases, Karachi, 75950, Pakistan.
Syed Zahed RasheedKarachi Institute of Heart Diseases, Karachi, 75950, Pakistan.
Fazal-Ur-Rehman MemonRed Crescent Institute of Cardiology, Hyderabad, 71500, Pakistan.
Anjum JalalFaisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Shahid AbbasFaisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Philippe FrossardCenter for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Danish Saleheen *Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan.
Angela M Wood *British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
Julian L Griffin *Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK. julian.griffin@imperial.ac.uk.
Albert Koulman *Core Metabolomics and Lipidomics Laboratory, National Institute for Health Research, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. ak675@medschl.cam.ac.uk.
Center for Non-Communicable Diseases · PKNational Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases · PKUniversity of Cambridge · GBBritish Heart Foundation · GBGenomics (United Kingdom) · GBKarachi Institute of Heart Diseases · PKUniversity of Faisalabad · PKNational Institute for Health Research · GBNIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research CentrePfizer (Germany) · DEPfizer (United States) · USPunjab Institute of Cardiology · PKUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

ARACHIDONATE METABOLISM IN GLOMERULONEPHRITIS/VASCULITISK08HL001313 · NHLBI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI LEFKOWITH, JAMES B · 1985 to 1988
–
British Heart Foundation RG/13/13/30194British Heart Foundation RG/18/13/33946British Heart Foundation SP/09/002British Heart Foundation (GB) RG/13/13/30194British Heart Foundation (GB) SP/09/002Medical Research Council G0800270Medical Research Council G0800783Medical Research Council MC_PC_13030Medical Research Council MC_UP_A090_1006Medical Research Council MR/L003120/1Medical Research Council (GB) MR/L003120/1Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 105602/Z/14/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGenetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors can lead to perturbations in circulating lipid levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, how changes in individual lipid species contribute to disease risk is often unclear. Moreover, little is known about the role of lipids on cardiovascular disease in Pakistan, a population historically underrepresented in cardiovascular studies.

methodsWe characterised the genetic architecture of the human blood lipidome in 5662 hospital controls from the Pakistan Risk of Myocardial Infarction Study (PROMIS) and 13,814 healthy British blood donors from the INTERVAL study. We applied a candidate causal gene prioritisation tool to link the genetic variants associated with each lipid to the most likely causal genes, and Gaussian Graphical Modelling network analysis to identify and illustrate relationships between lipids and genetic loci.

resultsWe identified 253 genetic associations with 181 lipids measured using direct infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry in PROMIS, and 502 genetic associations with 244 lipids in INTERVAL. Our analyses revealed new biological insights at genetic loci associated with cardiometabolic diseases, including novel lipid associations at the LPL, MBOAT7, LIPC, APOE-C1-C2-C4, SGPP1, and SPTLC3 loci.

conclusionsOur findings, generated using a distinctive lipidomics platform in an understudied South Asian population, strengthen and expand the knowledge base of the genetic determinants of lipids and their association with cardiometabolic disease-related loci.

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyMyocardial InfarctionAsian PeopleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansLipidsPolymorphism, Single NucleotideWhite PeopleLipidsGaussian Graphical ModellingGeneticsLipidomicsNetwork analysisSouth Asian

Identifiers

PMID34503513
PMCPMC8431908
OpenAlexW3198747389

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.