ArticleMolecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)2021
Identifying FDA-approved drugs with multimodal properties against COVID-19 using a data-driven approach and a lung organoid model of SARS-CoV-2 entry.
Article in Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lung organoids as a human system for Mycobacteria infection modeling and drug testing.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Organoids Gone Viral: A Comprehensive Review on Human Organoid Models to Study Viral Pathogenesis.Viruses · 2026Review
- Multimodal data driven machine learning approach for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in pulmonary disease management within primary healthcare settings.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Organoid for Air Pollution Toxicity Assessment: Advances and Environmental Applicability.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- A Critical Appraisal of Off-Label Use and Repurposing of Statins for Non-Cardiovascular Indications: A Systematic Mini-Update and Regulatory Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Atorvastatin Effect on COVID-19 Outcomes: A Propensity Score Matched Study on Hospitalized Patients.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- A Dual Pharmacological Strategy against COVID-19: The Therapeutic Potential of Metformin and Atorvastatin.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Molecular docking as a tool for the discovery of novel insight about the role of acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors in SARS- CoV-2 infectivity.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Development trends of human organoid-based COVID-19 research based on bibliometric analysis.Cell proliferation · 2023Review
- Design and Realization of Lung Organoid Cultures for COVID-19 Applications.Bio-design and manufacturing · 2023Article
- Organoids to Remodel SARS-CoV-2 Research: Updates, Limitations and Perspectives.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Drug Reprofiling to Identify Potential HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antiretroviral drug activity and potential for pre-exposure prophylaxis against COVID-19 and HIV infection.Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics · 2022Article
- The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: A potential pharmacological target in COVID-19.Drug discovery today · 2022Review
- Targeting the BspC-vimentin interaction to develop anti-virulence therapies during Group B streptococcal meningitis.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Organoid Studies in COVID-19 Research.International journal of stem cells · 2022Review
- The neutralization effect of montelukast on SARS-CoV-2 is shown by multiscale in silico simulations and combined in vitro studies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2022Article
- Emerging toolset of three-dimensional pulmonary cell culture models for simulating lung pathophysiology towards mechanistic elucidation and therapeutic treatment of SARS-COV-2 infection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Article
- A systems-level study reveals host-targeted repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2 infection.Molecular systems biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVaccination programs have been launched worldwide to halt the spread of COVID-19. However, the identification of existing, safe compounds with combined treatment and prophylactic properties would be beneficial to individuals who are waiting to be vaccinated, particularly in less economically developed countries, where vaccine availability may be initially limited.
methodsWe used a data-driven approach, combining results from the screening of a large transcriptomic database (L1000) and molecular docking analyses, with in vitro tests using a lung organoid model of SARS-CoV-2 entry, to identify drugs with putative multimodal properties against COVID-19.
resultsOut of thousands of FDA-approved drugs considered, we observed that atorvastatin was the most promising candidate, as its effects negatively correlated with the transcriptional changes associated with infection. Atorvastatin was further predicted to bind to SARS-CoV-2's main protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and was shown to inhibit viral entry in our lung organoid model.
conclusionsSmall clinical studies reported that general statin use, and specifically, atorvastatin use, are associated with protective effects against COVID-19. Our study corroborrates these findings and supports the investigation of atorvastatin in larger clinical studies. Ultimately, our framework demonstrates one promising way to fast-track the identification of compounds for COVID-19, which could similarly be applied when tackling future pandemics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.