Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34503214›Full record

ReviewCancers2021

Molecular Mechanisms of Alcohol-Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis.

Caroline H Johnson, Jaya Prakash Golla, Evangelos Dioletis, Surendra Singh, Momoko Ishii, Georgia Charkoftaki, David C Thompson, Vasilis Vasiliou

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Immune functions of the esophagus.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD, MetALD, and ALD).Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Evaluating the Role ofInterdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Mechanisms of DNA repair and mutagenesis induced by acetaldehyde, acrolein, aristolochic acids, and vinyl chloride.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Caroline H JohnsonDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5298-1299
Jaya Prakash GollaDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Evangelos DioletisDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Surendra SinghDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Momoko IshiiDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Georgia CharkoftakiDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
David C ThompsonDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Vasilis VasiliouDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Yale University · US

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
YALE CANCER CENTER CALABRESI IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY TRAINING PROGRAMK12CA215110 · NCI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Harriet M. Kluger · 2018 to 2026
$6.1M
The role of ALDH1B1 in ethanol metabolism and colon cancerR01AA021724 · NIAAA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI VASILIOU, VASILIS · 2018 to 2018
$397k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NCI NIH HHS K12 CA215110NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA021724NIH HHS R24AA022057, R01AA021724,R21AA0284432-02, R21CA223686-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC) is complex. Approximately, 10% of individuals with CRC have predisposing germline mutations that lead to familial cancer syndromes, whereas most CRC patients have sporadic cancer resulting from a combination of environmental and genetic risk factors. It has become increasingly clear that chronic alcohol consumption is associated with the development of sporadic CRC; however, the exact mechanisms by which alcohol contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis are largely unknown. Several proposed mechanisms from studies in CRC models suggest that alcohol metabolites and/or enzymes associated with alcohol metabolism alter cellular redox balance, cause DNA damage, and epigenetic dysregulation. In addition, alcohol metabolites can cause a dysbiotic colorectal microbiome and intestinal permeability, resulting in bacterial translocation, inflammation, and immunosuppression. All of these effects can increase the risk of developing CRC. This review aims to outline some of the most significant and recent findings on the mechanisms of alcohol in colorectal carcinogenesis. We examine the effect of alcohol on the generation of reactive oxygen species, the development of genotoxic stress, modulation of one-carbon metabolism, disruption of the microbiome, and immunosuppression.

Indexed as

acetaldehydealcoholALDH1B1carcinogenesisCRCCYP2E1DNA damageimmunosuppressionmicrobiomeoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID34503214
PMCPMC8431530
OpenAlexW3196555673

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.