Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34502967›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Characterization of Sodium Alginate Hydrogels Reinforced with Nanoparticles of Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications.

José Antonio Sánchez-Fernández, Gerardo Presbítero-Espinosa, Laura Peña-Parás, Edgar Iván Rodríguez Pizaña, Katya Patricia Villarreal Galván, Michal Vopálenský, Ivana Kumpová, Luis Ernesto Elizalde-Herrera

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

José Antonio Sánchez-FernándezProcesos de Polimerización, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna No. 140, Saltillo 25294, Mexico.
Gerardo Presbítero-EspinosaCentro de Ingeniería y Desarrollo Industrial (CIDESI), Sede Nuevo León 66629, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-5382-1054
Laura Peña-ParásEngineering Department, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., San Pedro Garza García 66238, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-7580-6995
Edgar Iván Rodríguez PizañaBiomedical Engineering Program, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., San Pedro Garza García 66238, Mexico.
Katya Patricia Villarreal GalvánBiomedical Engineering Program, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., San Pedro Garza García 66238, Mexico.
Michal VopálenskýCzech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Prosecká 76, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Ivana KumpováCzech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Prosecká 76, 190 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Luis Ernesto Elizalde-HerreraSíntesis de Polímeros, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Ing. Enrique Reyna No. 140, Saltillo 25294, Mexico.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, researchers working in biomedical science and technology have investigated alternatives for enhancing the mechanical properties of biomedical materials. In this work, sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel-reinforced nanoparticles (NPs) of hydroxyapatite (HA) were prepared to enhance the mechanical properties of this polymer. Compression tests showed an increase of 354.54% in ultimate compressive strength (UCS), and 154.36% in Young's modulus with the addition of these NPs compared with pure SA. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the amount of residual water is not negligible and covered a range from 20 to 35 wt%, and the decomposition degree of the alginate depends on the hydroxyapatite content, possibly due to the displacement of sodium ions by the hydroxyapatite and not by calcium chloride. Further, there is an important effect possibly due to the existence of an interaction of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl of the alginate and the oxygen atoms of the hydroxyapatite, so signals appear upfield in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data. An increase in the accumulation of HA particles was observed with the use of X-ray microtomography, in which the quantified volume of particles per reconstructed volume corresponded accordingly to the increase in the mechanical properties of the hydrogel.

Indexed as

hydrogelshydroxyapatite nanoparticlesintermolecular interactionsmechanical propertiesmicro-ct

Identifiers

PMID34502967
PMCPMC8434489

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.