ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interactions among Antiepileptic Drugs, Including CBD, Drugs Used to Treat COVID-19 and Nutrients.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Subchronic Cannabidiol (CBD) Treatment During the Silent Period Fails to Prevent Increased Seizure Susceptibility Following Lithium-Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Advances in Sodium Channel Modulation in Epilepsy Therapy: Focus on Eslicarbazepine, Lacosamide and Cenobamate.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Navigating dose-effect complexities and challenges in cannabinoid therapy for aging-related neurobiological changes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Optimization of individualized therapy with oral valproic acid in pediatric patients with epilepsy based on factors influencing blood concentrations.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Liposomal-Cannabidiol Nanoformulation to Suppress HIV Replication and Reduce Oxidative Stress in Infected Microglia.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Precision Therapeutics Through Bioactive Compounds: Metabolic Reprogramming, Omics Integration, and Drug Repurposing Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Anti-epileptic medication induced disturbed calcium-vitamin D metabolism: A behavioral analysis using association rule mining technique.World journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of esterified anti-inflammatory drugs with ethylene glycol linkers: cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Immunological factors in pediatric generalized and focal epilepsy: interplay with anti-seizure medications.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Artificial Intelligence Models and Tools for the Assessment of Drug-Herb Interactions.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Virus-Induced Epilepsy vs. Epilepsy Patients Acquiring Viral Infection: Unravelling the Complex Relationship for Precision Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cannabidiol, a plant-derived compound, is an emerging strategy for treating cognitive impairments: comprehensive review of randomized trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Article
- Pilot study on the probability of drug-drug interactions among direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and antiseizure medications (ASMs): a clinical perspective.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Cenobamate (YKP3089) and Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Review of the Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Revolutionizing Precision Medicine: Exploring Wearable Sensors for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Personalized Therapy.Biosensors · 2023Review
- Understanding Lamotrigine's Role in the CNS and Possible Future Evolution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Identification of histone acetyltransferase genes responsible for cannabinoid synthesis in hemp.Chinese medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are an important group of drugs of several generations, ranging from the oldest phenobarbital (1912) to the most recent cenobamate (2019). Cannabidiol (CBD) is increasingly used to treat epilepsy. The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2019 created new challenges in the effective treatment of epilepsy in COVID-19 patients. The purpose of this review is to present data from the last few years on drug-drug interactions among of AEDs, as well as AEDs with other drugs, nutrients and food. Literature data was collected mainly in PubMed, as well as google base. The most important pharmacokinetic parameters of the chosen 29 AEDs, mechanism of action and clinical application, as well as their biotransformation, are presented. We pay a special attention to the new potential interactions of the applied first-generation AEDs (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital and primidone), on decreased concentration of some medications (atazanavir and remdesivir), or their compositions (darunavir/cobicistat and lopinavir/ritonavir) used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. CBD interactions with AEDs are clearly defined. In addition, nutrients, as well as diet, cause changes in pharmacokinetics of some AEDs. The understanding of the pharmacokinetic interactions of the AEDs seems to be important in effective management of epilepsy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.