ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Exosomes Engineering and Their Roles as Therapy Delivery Tools, Therapeutic Targets, and Biomarkers.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: A Comprehensive Review of Biomedical Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Citrus limon-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Hair Growth.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Exosome-based therapies for corneal disorders: current status and future perspectives.MedScience · 2026Review
- Exosome-based vaccines in cancer immunotherapy: antitumor mechanisms, engineering strategies, and challenges.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Microvesicles, exosomes and their combinations with cytoplasmic organelles: from their discovery to their innovative roles in clinical medicine.Biology direct · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes: Next-Generation Nanomedicines Toward Scarless Wound Healing.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Exerkine-loaded exosomes in muscle aging: a nexus of exercise, regeneration, and crosstalk.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: A revolutionary approach to unlocking liver disease treatment.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Advances in Intranasal Delivery of Exosomes for Central Nervous System Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Stem cell-derived exosomes in wound healing: mechanistic insights and delivery strategies.Regenerative medicine · 2025Review
- Engineering exosomes for liver disease: a new insight in regenerative medicine and drug delivery.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Exosome-Based Therapeutics: A Natural Solution to Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier in Neurodegenerative Diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
- Potential of Exosomes as Multifunctional Nanocarriers for Targeted Drug Delivery.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- Regulatory Immune Cell-derived Exosomes: Modes of Action and Therapeutic Potential in Transplantation.Transplantation · 2025Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway: Unifying mechanisms of multi-organ regeneration and the path to precision clinical translation.World journal of stem cells · 2025Article
- From bench to bedside: the research status and application opportunity of extracellular vesicles and their engineering strategies in the treatment of skin defects.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- The Roles of Exosomes in Anti-Cancer Drugs.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Small extracellular vesicles: the origins, current status, future prospects, and applications.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cancer´s communication: messages we can read and how to answer.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Exosomes and solid cancer therapy: where are we now?Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Exosomes are becoming increasingly important therapeutic biomaterials for use in a variety of therapeutic applications due to their unique characteristics, especially due to the ineffectiveness and cytotoxicity of some existing therapies and synthetic therapeutic nanocarriers. They are highly promising as carriers of drugs, genes, and other therapeutic agents that can be incorporated into their interior or onto their surface through various modification techniques to improve their targeting abilities. In addition, they are biocompatible, safe, and stable. The review focuses on different types of exosomes and methods of their preparation, including the incorporation of different kinds of cargo, especially for drug delivery purposes. In particular, their importance and effectiveness as delivery vehicles of various therapeutic agents for a variety of therapeutic applications, including different diseases and disorders such as cancer treatment, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, are emphasized. Administration routes of exosomes into the body are also included. A novelty in the article is the emphasis on global companies that are already successfully developing and testing such therapeutic biomaterials, with a focus on the most influential ones. Moreover, a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the various methods of exosome production is summarized for the first time.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.