ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Human Breast Milk from Industrial/Mining and Agricultural Zones of Southeastern Spain.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contamination of breast milk with lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Benefits and Limitations Associated with the Use of Alternative Biological Matrices in Forensic Toxicology, as Well as Genetic Markers of Poisoning and Psychoactive Substance Abuse.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Human Milk as a Biomonitor of Toxic Metal Exposure: Sources, Transfer Mechanisms, and Implications for Infant Health-A Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Phthalate Metabolites in Maternal Urine and Breast Milk After Very Preterm Birth: Matrix Concordance.Toxics · 2026Article
- Programming the Infant Gut: How Maternal and Early Life Nutrition Shape the Infant Microbiome and Long-term Health-A Narrative Review.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- Monte Carlo simulation approach for health risk analysis of heavy metals' contamination in infant formula and food on the Iranian market.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Associations Between Heavy Metal Exposure from Milk and Steroid Hormones in Mothers.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Determination of Minor and Trace Elements in Breast Milk of Lactating Mothers in Early Lactation from Tehran, Iran Using Neutron Activation Analysis Method.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Examining risk assessment implications of genetic and dose-dependent dynamics of lead exposure in breastfeeding using the collaborative cross mouse population.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Article
- Evaluating Heavy Metals in Human Breast Milk: a Cross-Sectional Study from Mining and Agricultural Areas in Northwestern Iran.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Heavy Metal Nanoparticle Detection in Human and Formula Milk.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Occupational, environmental, and toxicological health risks of mining metals for lithium-ion batteries: a narrative review of the Pubmed database.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024Review
- Lactational Exposure of Human Infants to Metal (loid)s: A Comparison of Industrial and Urban Inhabitants in North of the Persian Gulf.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Essential and non-essential element concentrations in human milk samples and the assessment of infants' exposure.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Pollutants in Breast Milk: A Scoping Review of the Most Recent Data in 2024.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Polyphenol exposure of mothers and infants assessed by LC-MS/MS based biomonitoring in breast milk.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Concentrations of Lead and Arsenic in Mother's Milk and Children's Blood in Peruvian Breastfeeding Dyads.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2024Article
- Lactational exposure of human infants to metal(loid)s in Sub-Saharan Africa and Mediterranean Europe: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Current research in toxicology · 2024Review
- Aluminum Concentrations in Breast Milk Samples Obtained from Breastfeeding Women from a Resource-Limited Country: A Study of the Predicting Factors.Biological trace element research · 2024Article
- Lead contamination in human milk affects infants' language trajectory: results from a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human breast milk is the most complete foodstuff for infants but can also be a potential source of exposure to toxic chemicals. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of metal pollution in the breast milk of women living in agricultural and industrial/mining areas of the Region of Murcia (Spain) that are well known for their cases of environmental pollution. Human milk samples were collected from 50 mothers and inorganic contaminants were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The mean or maximum concentrations of the different inorganic elements analyzed in breast milk, with the exception of manganese, exceeded the maximum limits established by the WHO and could constitute a high risk for pregnant mothers and their children. The breast milk of women living in the industrial/mining zone presented the highest levels of aluminum, zinc, arsenic, lead, mercury and nickel. On the contrary, the highest concentrations of manganese, chromium and iron were determined in the milk of women living in the agricultural zone. These results suggested and confirmed different profiles of environmental contamination of these areas.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.