Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34501503›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

FGM and Restorative Justice-A Challenge for Developing Countries and for Refugee Women.

Thomas Wenzel, Jan Ilhan Kizilhan, Reem Alksiri, Daniela Dörfler, Eva Jana Messerschmidt, Anthony Fu Chen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Editorial: Sexual violence in times of conflict.Frontiers in public health · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Thomas WenzelWorld Psychiatric Association Scientific Section on Psychological Aspects of Persecution and Torture, 1226 Geneva, Switzerland.
Jan Ilhan KizilhanDuale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1726-0741
Reem AlksiriWorld Psychiatric Association Scientific Section on Psychological Aspects of Persecution and Torture, 1226 Geneva, Switzerland.
Daniela DörflerDepartment Gynaecology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Eva Jana MesserschmidtIndependent Researcher, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
Anthony Fu ChenWorld Psychiatric Association Scientific Section on Psychological Aspects of Persecution and Torture, 1226 Geneva, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) has been identified as one of the most serious human rights violations women are exposed to in many countries, in spite of national and international efforts. The actual implementation of preventive strategies and support of victims faces a number of challenges that can only be addressed by an interdisciplinary approach integrating public health and legal considerations. FGM in the context of women as refugees who left their country to escape FGM has rarely been covered in this context. This article summarizes the most important international standards and initiatives against FGM, highlights the medical, legal, and psychological factors identified so far, and explores the interdisciplinary considerations in changing a country and society to permit safe return of those escaping FGM to third countries and support public health in the country.

Indexed as

Circumcision, FemaleRefugeesDeveloping CountriesFemaleHuman RightsHumansSocial Justicefemale genital mutilationgendergynecologyhuman rightsmigrantsprimary mental healthpsychological traumarefugeestransitional justice

Identifiers

PMID34501503
PMCPMC8430822

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.