Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34501305›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021

The Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia.

Bartosz Dawidowski, Adrianna Górniak, Piotr Podwalski, Zofia Lebiecka, Błażej Misiak, Jerzy Samochowiec

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Bartosz DawidowskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-0677-4341
Adrianna GórniakDepartment of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.
Piotr PodwalskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-6756-4001
Zofia LebieckaDepartment of Health Psychology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
Błażej MisiakDepartment of Psychiatry, Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5392-6398
Jerzy SamochowiecDepartment of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1438-583X
Pomeranian Medical University · PLWroclaw Medical University · PL

Funding

Polish Minister of Science and Higher Education 002/RID/2018/19
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness of unknown etiology. A growing and compelling body of evidence implicates immunologic dysfunction as the key element in its pathomechanism. Cytokines, whose altered levels have been increasingly reported in various patient populations, are the major mediators involved in the coordination of the immune system. The available literature reports both elevated levels of proinflammatory as well as reduced levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and their effects on clinical status and neuroimaging changes. There is evidence of at least a partial genetic basis for the association between cytokine alterations and schizophrenia. Two other factors implicated in its development include early childhood trauma and disturbances in the gut microbiome. Moreover, its various subtypes, characterized by individual symptom severity and course, such as deficit schizophrenia, seem to differ in terms of changes in peripheral cytokine levels. While the use of a systematic review methodology could be difficult due to the breadth and diversity of the issues covered in this review, the applied narrative approach allows for a more holistic presentation. The aim of this narrative review was to present up-to-date evidence on cytokine dysregulation in schizophrenia, its effect on the psychopathological presentation, and links with antipsychotic medication. We also attempted to summarize its postulated underpinnings, including early childhood trauma and gut microbiome disturbances, and propose trait and state markers of schizophrenia.

Indexed as

antipsychoticscytokinesneuroinflammationpsychosisschizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID34501305
PMCPMC8432006
OpenAlexW3197710304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.