ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2021
(+)-Usnic Acid as a Promising Candidate for a Safe and Stable Topical Photoprotective Agent.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Usnic Acid and Its Topical Use-A Concise Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Antioxidant, Photoprotective, and Antimicrobial Potential of Oil Extract ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Functional redundancy and stability support the resilience of the Evernia prunastri holobiont under urbanization.Environmental microbiome · 2026Article
- Phytochemical Screening and Physicochemical Properties of Oil Extract ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Photochemical Responses ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity and Safety Profile of Usnic Acid for a Broad Panel of Human Cancers and Normal Cells with Respect to Its Enantiospecificity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Mechanistic Insight into the Anti-Staphylococcal Mode of Action of (+)-Usnic Acid and Its Synergy with Norfloxacin Against Methicillin-ResistantBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Broccoli Sprouts and Their Influence on Thyroid Function in Different In Vitro and In Vivo Models.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Usnic Acid Isolated fromLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Toxicity of Usnic Acid: A Narrative Review.Journal of toxicology · 2022Review
- A Comparative Survey of Anti-Melanoma and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Usnic Acid Enantiomers-A Comprehensive In Vitro Approach.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study aimed to examine whether usnic acid-a lichen compound with UV-absorbing properties-can be considered as a prospective photoprotective agent in cosmetic products. Moreover, a comparison of two usnic acid enantiomers was performed to preselect the more effective compound. To meet this aim, an in vitro model was created, comprising the determination of skin-penetrating properties via skin-PAMPA assay, safety assessment to normal human skin cells (keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts), and examination of photostability and photoprotective properties. Both enantiomers revealed comparable good skin-penetrating properties. Left-handed usnic acid was slightly more toxic to keratinocytes (IC
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.