Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34498693›Full record

Observational studyThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022

A Reference Range for Plasma Levels of Inorganic Pyrophosphate in Children Using the ATP Sulfurylase Method.

Eva Bernhard, Yvonne Nitschke, Gus Khursigara, Yves Sabbagh, Yongbao Wang, Frank Rutsch

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A randomized Phase 1b trial evaluating the pharmacodynamics of ilofotase alfa in adults with hypophosphatasia.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026
    Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Vitamin B6 challenge as a tool for detecting ALPL mutations and diagnosing hypophosphatasia.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. A new enzymatic assay to quantify inorganic pyrophosphate in plasma.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Identification of ENPP1 Haploinsufficiency in Patients With Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and Early-Onset Osteoporosis.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Eva BernhardDepartment of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany.
Yvonne NitschkeDepartment of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany.
Gus KhursigaraInozyme Pharma, Boston,USA.
Yves SabbaghInozyme Pharma, Boston,USA.
Yongbao WangNational Jewish Health Advanced Diagnostic Laboratories, Denver, CO, USA.
Frank RutschDepartment of General Pediatrics, Muenster University Children's Hospital, Muenster, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2385-4159
University Hospital Münster · DENational Jewish Health · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeGeneralized arterial calcification of infancy, pseudoxanthoma elasticum, autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2, and hypophosphatasia are rare inherited disorders associated with altered plasma levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi). In this study, we aimed to establish a reference range for plasma PPi in the pediatric population, which would be essential to support its use as a biomarker in children with mineralization disorders.

methodsPlasma samples were collected from 200 children aged 1 day to 18 years who underwent blood testing for medical conditions not affecting plasma PPi levels. PPi was measured in proband plasma utilizing a validated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase method.

resultsThe analytical sensitivity of the ATP sulfurylase assay consisted of 0.15 to 10 µM PPi. Inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variability on identical samples were below 10%. The standard range of PPi in the blood plasma of children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years was calculated as 2.36 to 4.44 µM, with a median of 3.17 µM, with no difference between male and female probands. PPi plasma levels did not differ significantly in different pediatric age groups. MAIN

conclusionsOur results yielded no noteworthy discrepancy to the reported standard range of plasma PPi in adults (2-5 µM). We propose the described ATP sulfurylase method as a diagnostic tool to measure PPi levels in plasma as a biomarker in the pediatric population.

Indexed as

AdolescentAlkaline PhosphataseATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C ProteinsBiomarkersChildChild, PreschoolEnzyme AssaysFamilial Hypophosphatemic RicketsFemaleHumansHypophosphatasiaInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMutationPhosphatesABCC6 protein, humanAlkaline PhosphataseALPL protein, humanATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C ProteinsBiomarkersectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1PhosphatesPhosphoric Diester HydrolasesPyrophosphatasesSulfate AdenylyltransferaseABCC6ATP sulfurylase assayautosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2ENPP1generalized arterial calcification of infancyinorganic pyrophosphate

Identifiers

PMID34498693
PMCPMC8684482
OpenAlexW3198861251

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.