Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34498216›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2022

A cross-sectional survey to map Clinical Pharmacy Education and Practice in Europe.

Laura Moura, Stephane Steurbaut, Hege Salvesen Blix, Brian Addison, Sule Rabus, Hélder Mota-Filipe, Filipa Alves da Costa, ESCP Education Committee

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. A Qualitative Study to Explore Global Trends in Clinical Pharmacy Practice.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. [German pharmacy degree course: an international comparison].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025
    Review
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  14. Article
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  20. The Impact of Hospital Pharmacy Operation on the Quality of Patient Care.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Laura MouraFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal.
Stephane SteurbautResearch Group Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy (KFAR), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium.
Hege Salvesen BlixNorwegian Institute of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Brian AddisonSchool of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Sule RabusDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Hélder Mota-FilipeFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal.
Filipa Alves da CostaResearch Institute for Medicines (iMED.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003. alvesdacosta.f@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0562-2514
ESCP Education Committee

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Clinical activities provided by pharmacists are increasing worldwide, including in Europe. However, an overview of clinical pharmacy education and practice is needed. Aim To map clinical pharmacy (CP) education and practice among European countries. Method A cross-sectional web-based survey led by the Education Committee of the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP) was conducted. The survey comprised three domains focusing on: undergraduate education, postgraduate education, and practice. A multi-phased validation process was undertaken, attributing levels of evidence according to the number of information sources for each country. Triangulation was used to seek within country consensus. Main outcome measures included the number of hours of education in CP; existence of a specialization in CP and activities delivered in practice. Results Data from 40 European countries were included (response rate 95.2%). Most respondents (86.8%) agreed with the ESCP definition of CP. Almost every country (94.9%) reported CP topics at the undergraduate level [median number = 65 h/semester (IQR: 2.0-5.6)], including practical teaching [median = 30.0% (IQR: 17.0-42.0)]. At postgraduate level, 92.5% of countries reported PhD programmes including CP and 65.0% mentioned the existence of specific CP master/diploma degrees. Continuous professional development (CPD) courses were also reported by 63.9% of respondents. More than half the countries (52.5%; n = 21) recognized CP as an area of specialization, which for 60.0% of participants was applied solely in the hospital setting. Conclusion Although CP is embedded in education and practice in European countries, there is wide variability in education and practice patterns.

Indexed as

Education, PharmacyPharmacy Service, HospitalCross-Sectional StudiesEuropeHumansPharmacistsSurveys and QuestionnairesClinical activitiesClinical PharmacyESCPPharmacy EducationPharmacy PracticeSpecialization

Identifiers

PMID34498216

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.