SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2021
Alterations of Ultra Long-Chain Fatty Acids in Hereditary Skin Diseases-Review Article.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigation of the Enhancement Effect ofPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Unraveling COPD pathogenesis: a multi-omics approach to identify metabolites and genetic links.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Normal and melanoma skin visualized, quantified and compared by in vivo photoacoustic imaging.Photoacoustics · 2025Article
- Acetyl-CoA synthesis in the skin is a key determinant of systemic lipid homeostasis.Cell reports · 2025Article
- The influence of cancer on the reprogramming of lipid metabolism in healthy thyroid tissues of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Endocrine · 2025Article
- Solubilization of skin collagen improves the accuracy and reliability of stable isotope measurements.PeerJ · 2025Article
- Effects of Th1/Th17 and Th2 cytokines on lipid metabolism in differentiated keratinocytes.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
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- Advanced fructo-oligosaccharides improve itching and aberrant epidermal lipid composition in children with atopic dermatitis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- A Comprehensive Review on Potential Chemical and Herbal Permeation Enhancers Used in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems.Recent advances in drug delivery and formulation · 2024Review
- Natural Ingredients of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems as Permeation Enhancers of Active Substances through theMolecular pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Advanced In Vitro Three-Dimensional Skin Models of Atopic Dermatitis.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2023Review
- Eicosapentaenoic acid-rich oil supplementation activates PPAR-γ and delays skin wound healing in type 1 diabetic mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Protective Actions of α-Tocopherol on Cell Membrane Lipids of Paraquat-Stressed Human Astrocytes Using Microarray Technology, MALDI-MS and Lipidomic Analysis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Changes in the Serum Fatty Acid Profile After Anhepatic Phase of Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Procedure.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Enhanced Muscle Strength in Dyslipidemic Mice and Its Relation to Increased Capacity for Fatty Acid Oxidation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- CTIP2 and lipid metabolism: regulation in skin development and associated diseases.Expert review of proteomics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The skin is a flexible organ that forms a barrier between the environment and the body's interior; it is involved in the immune response, in protection and regulation, and is a dynamic environment in which skin lipids play an important role in maintaining homeostasis. The different layers of the skin differ in both the composition and amount of lipids. The epidermis displays the best characteristics in this respect. The main lipids in this layer are cholesterol, fatty acids (FAs) and ceramides. FAs can occur in free form and as components of complex molecules. The most poorly characterized FAs are very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and ultra long-chain fatty acids (ULCFAs). VLCFAs and ULCFAs are among the main components of ceramides and are part of the free fatty acid (FFA) fraction. They are most abundant in the brain, liver, kidneys, and skin. VLCFAs and ULCFAs are responsible for the rigidity and impermeability of membranes, forming the mechanically and chemically strong outer layer of cell membranes. Any changes in the composition and length of the carbon chains of FAs result in a change in their melting point and therefore a change in membrane permeability. One of the factors causing a decrease in the amount of VLCFAs and ULCFAs is an improper diet. Another much more important factor is mutations in the genes which code proteins involved in the metabolism of VLCFAs and ULCFAs-regarding their elongation, their attachment to ceramides and their transformation. These mutations have their clinical consequences in the form of inborn errors in metabolism and neurodegenerative disorders, among others. Some of them are accompanied by skin symptoms such as ichthyosis and ichthyosiform erythroderma. In the following review, the structure of the skin is briefly characterized and the most important lipid components of the skin are presented. The focus is also on providing an overview of selected proteins involved in the metabolism of VLCFAs and ULCFAs in the skin.
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