ReviewFrontiers in oncology2021
From Immunogenic Cell Death to Immunogenic Modulation: Select Chemotherapy Regimens Induce a Spectrum of Immune-Enhancing Activities in the Tumor Microenvironment.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemotherapy backbone and outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations across solid tumors: a pan-tumor network meta-analysis.The oncologist · 2026Pooled it
- Destabilizing the genome as a therapeutic strategy to enhance response to immune checkpoint blockade: a systematic review of clinical trials evidence from solid and hematological tumors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Programmed cell death in inflammation: interactions and holistic perspective.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Review
- Real-World Efficacy of Postoperative Adjuvant Nivolumab in High-Risk Urothelial Carcinoma: A Retrospective Comparative Study in an Asian Population.Asia-Pacific journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Atezolizumab-bevacizumab with or without cisplatin-based HAIC for unresectable HCC: A randomized phase II trial.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Women's Special Issue Series: Biomedicines (2nd Edition).Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Navigating toxicity in lung cancer immunotherapy: challenges and advances in Nano medicine drug delivery.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- Autophagy-promoted immunogenic cell death elicited by tyrosine kinase inhibitor orchestrates a synergistic immunotherapeutic microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Article
- Pan-cancer analysis in the real-world setting uncovers immunogenomic drivers of acquired resistance post-immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- A hybrid PKPD agent-based model of the tumour immune interaction: effects of anti-cancer combination therapy.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2026Article
- A Predictive Immunological Signature Associated with Pathological Response in Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- Docetaxel enhances Vβ-directed T-cell activation and antitumor immunity mediated by a bifunctional TCR agonist in breast and prostate cancer models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Chemoresistance in the era of immunotherapy: challenges and novel combinatorial strategies for digestive system tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Prediction of prognosis and treatment effect of cervical cancer by immunogenic cell death-related genes.PeerJ · 2026Article
- Antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of sericin and its applications in tumor prevention and treatment.American journal of translational research · 2026Review
- Comparative Retrospective Analysis of Immunotherapy Combined with Anti-Angiogenic Agents and Nab-Paclitaxel in Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- The ATR inhibitor tuvusertib (M1774) sensitizes prostate carcinoma to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, which is further augmented by the IL-15 receptor superagonist N-803.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- A phase III placebo-controlled study of eftilagimod alfa plus pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Roles of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Antitumor Immune Responses as Predictive and Prognostic Markers in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer treatment has rapidly entered the age of immunotherapy, and it is becoming clear that the effective therapy of established tumors necessitates rational multi-combination immunotherapy strategies. But even in the advent of immunotherapy, the clinical role of standard-of-care chemotherapy regimens still remains significant and may be complementary to emerging immunotherapeutic approaches. Depending on dose, schedule, and agent, chemotherapy can induce immunogenic cell death, resulting in the release of tumor antigens to stimulate an immune response, or immunogenic modulation, sensitizing surviving tumor cells to immune cell killing. While these have been previously defined as distinct processes, in this review we examine the published mechanisms supporting both immunogenic cell death and immunogenic modulation and propose they be reclassified as similar effects termed "immunogenic cell stress." Treatment-induced immunogenic cell stress is an important result of cytotoxic chemotherapy and future research should consider immunogenic cell stress as a whole rather than just immunogenic cell death or immunogenic modulation. Cancer treatment strategies should be designed specifically to take advantage of these effects in combination immunotherapy, and novel chemotherapy regimens should be designed and investigated to potentially induce all aspects of immunogenic cell stress.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.