Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34497263›Full record

ArticleTranslational psychiatry2021

Characterising the shared genetic determinants of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and risk-taking.

Guy Hindley, Shahram Bahrami, Nils Eiel Steen, Kevin S O'Connell, Oleksandr Frei, Alexey Shadrin, Francesco Bettella, Linn Rødevand, Chun C Fan, Anders M Dale and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Self-harming behavior linked to earlier onset of cardiovascular disease in severe mental disorders.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. The shared genetic basis of mood instability and psychiatric disorders: A cross-trait genome-wide association analysis.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.

Guy Hindley *NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway. g.f.l.hindley@medisin.uio.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1666-4701
Shahram Bahrami *NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.
Nils Eiel SteenNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6442-1179
Kevin S O'ConnellNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6865-8795
Oleksandr FreiNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.
Alexey ShadrinNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7467-250X
Francesco BettellaNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7968-8642
Linn RødevandNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.
Chun C FanDepartment of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Anders M DaleDepartment of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6126-2966
Srdjan DjurovicDepartment of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8140-8061
Olav B SmelandNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3761-5215
Ole A AndreassenNORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, 0407, Oslo, Norway. ole.andreassen@medisin.uio.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4461-3568
Oslo University Hospital · NO

Funding

VESICULAR LOCALIZATION AND FUNCTION OF PRESENILIN 1 FRAGMENTP50AG005138 · NIA · MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NYU · PI GROSSMAN, HILLEL · 1985 to 2019
$37.9M
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF MICROVASCULAR CHANGES IN THE AGING BRAINP01AG002219 · NIA · MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NYU · PI HAROUTUNIAN, VAHRAM · 1985 to 2009
$19.2M
White Matter Abnormalities in SchizophreniaP50MH066392 · NIMH · MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NYU · PI O'DONOVAN, MICHAEL J · 2002 to 2012
$18.6M
Spatiotemporal Brain Imaging: Microscopic &System LevelR01EB000790 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DALE, ANDERS M · 2002 to 2015
$15.3M
Project 5: In vivo measurement of GABA transmission in healthy controls & subjectP50MH084053 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI LEWIS, DAVID A · 2008 to 2012
$11.5M
International Cohort Collection for Bipolar DisorderR01MH085542 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI SMOLLER, JORDAN W · 2008 to 2012
$10.7M
NMDA Receptor Hypofunction in the Amygdala of Schizophrenia PatientsP50MH096891 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BILKER, WARREN B. · 2012 to 2016
$10.6M
Cis-Regulatory Epigenome Mappings in SchizophreniaU01MH103392 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI AKBARIAN, SCHAHRAM, SKLAR, PAMELA · 2014 to 2017
$7.6M
Molecular Profiling of SchizophreniaR01MH110921 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI CHESS, ANDREW J, ROUSSOS, PANAGIOTIS · 2016 to 2020
$6.9M
Genetics Association in Schizophrenia and Other DisordersR37MH057881 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI DEVLIN, BERNIE · 2013 to 2022
$5.4M
Risk genetic variants and cis regulation of gene expression in Bipolar DisorderR01MH109677 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ROUSSOS, PANAGIOTIS · 2016 to 2020
$4.6M
Src mediates molecular alterations leading to NMDAR hypofunction in schizophreniaR01MH075916 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HAHN, CHANG-GYU, SIEGEL, STEVEN J · 2006 to 2019
$3.3M
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG002219NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005138NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB000790NIDA NIH HHS HHSN271201300031CNIMH NIH HHS P50 MH066392NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH084053NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH096891NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH075916NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH080405NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH085542NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH093725NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH097276NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH109677NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH109897NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH110921NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH057881NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH103392NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS057198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Increased risk-taking is a central component of bipolar disorder (BIP) and is implicated in schizophrenia (SCZ). Risky behaviours, including smoking and alcohol use, are overrepresented in both disorders and associated with poor health outcomes. Positive genetic correlations are reported but an improved understanding of the shared genetic architecture between risk phenotypes and psychiatric disorders may provide insights into underlying neurobiological mechanisms. We aimed to characterise the genetic overlap between risk phenotypes and SCZ, and BIP by estimating the total number of shared variants using the bivariate causal mixture model and identifying shared genomic loci using the conjunctional false discovery rate method. Summary statistics from genome wide association studies of SCZ, BIP, risk-taking and risky behaviours were acquired (n = 82,315-466,751). Genomic loci were functionally annotated using FUMA. Of 8.6-8.7 K variants predicted to influence BIP, 6.6 K and 7.4 K were predicted to influence risk-taking and risky behaviours, respectively. Similarly, of 10.2-10.3 K variants influencing SCZ, 9.6 and 8.8 K were predicted to influence risk-taking and risky behaviours, respectively. We identified 192 loci jointly associated with SCZ and risk phenotypes and 206 associated with BIP and risk phenotypes, of which 68 were common to both risk-taking and risky behaviours and 124 were novel to SCZ or BIP. Functional annotation implicated differential expression in multiple cortical and sub-cortical regions. In conclusion, we report extensive polygenic overlap between risk phenotypes and BIP and SCZ, identify specific loci contributing to this shared risk and highlight biologically plausible mechanisms that may underlie risk-taking in severe psychiatric disorders.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderSchizophreniaGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRisk-Taking

Identifiers

PMID34497263
PMCPMC8426401
OpenAlexW3198001764

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.