Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34495522›Full record

ArticleMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)2022

Symbiont-Mediated RNA Interference (SMR): Using Symbiotic Bacteria as Vectors for Delivering RNAi to Insects.

Paul Dyson, Marcela Figueiredo, Awawing A Andongma, Miranda M A Whitten

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. An ancient immune pathway enables animal metamorphosis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Paul DysonInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK. p.j.dyson@swansea.ac.uk.
Marcela FigueiredoInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK.
Awawing A AndongmaInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK.
Miranda M A WhittenInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, UK.
Swansea University · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/R006418/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a widely used approach for reverse genetic analysis in eukaryotes. In insects, RNAi also has an application in the control of insect pests. Several methods have been developed for delivery of interfering RNA in insects, with varying outcomes for different species. Here we describe how a bacterial symbiont can be exploited for continuous synthesis of interfering double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in its insect host. This approach, termed symbiont-mediated RNAi (SMR), can overcome problems associated with instability of dietary dsRNA due to action of salivary or foregut nucleases. As insects do not possess RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity that can amplify and extend RNAi in other organisms, SMR also offers the possibility of long-term systemic RNAi not afforded by single applications of dsRNA to insects by other delivery methods. Here, we describe how SMR can be applied in a globally distributed agricultural pest species, western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis).

Indexed as

InsectaRNA InterferenceAnimalsBacteriaRNA, Double-StrandedThysanopteraRNA, Double-StrandedInsectRNA interferenceSymbiotic bacteriaWestern flower thrips

Identifiers

PMID34495522
OpenAlexW3197369822

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.