ArticleScientific reports2021
Treatment of moderate to severe respiratory COVID-19: a cost-utility analysis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Value of Emerging and Existing Pre-prophylaxis and Therapeutic Options for COVID-19 in Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Pooled it
- Health Economic Evaluations in Intensive Care: An Updated Systematic Review.Critical care explorations · 2025Pooled it
- Lessons Learned from Model-based Economic Evaluations of COVID-19 Drug Treatments Under Pandemic Circumstances: Results from a Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of remdesivir for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2023Pooled it
- Diagnostics and treatments of COVID-19: two-year update to a living systematic review of economic evaluations.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of interventions for the prevention and control of COVID-19: Systematic review of 85 modelling studies.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Threshold Price of Belantamab for Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma in China: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Article
- The impact of remdesivir on renal and liver functions in severe COVID-19 patients with presence of viral load.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 viral load is linked to remdesivir efficacy in severe Covid-19 admitted to intensive care.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evidence of quality of life for hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a scoping review.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2024Article
- Clinical trials and their impact on policy during COVID-19: a review.Wellcome open research · 2024Review
- Feasibility Study of Cord Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in COVID-19-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Stem cells translational medicine · 2023Article
- Economic evaluation of strategies against coronavirus: a systematic review.Health economics review · 2023Review
- Association of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir with preventable mortality, hospital admissions and related avoidable healthcare system cost among high-risk patients with mild to moderate COVID-19.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- COVID-19 and hospital management costs: the Italian experience.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Remdesivir for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in England and Wales.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2022Article
- Estimation Model for Healthcare Costs and Intensive Care Units Access for Covid-19 Patients and Evaluation of the Effects of Remdesivir in the Portuguese Context: Hypothetical Study.Clinical drug investigation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite COVID-19's significant morbidity and mortality, considering cost-effectiveness of pharmacologic treatment strategies for hospitalized patients remains critical to support healthcare resource decisions within budgetary constraints. As such, we calculated the cost-effectiveness of using remdesivir and dexamethasone for moderate to severe COVID-19 respiratory infections using the United States health care system as a representative model. A decision analytic model modelled a base case scenario of a 60-year-old patient admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Patients requiring oxygen were considered moderate severity, and patients with severe COVID-19 required intubation with intensive care. Strategies modelled included giving remdesivir to all patients, remdesivir in only moderate and only severe infections, dexamethasone to all patients, dexamethasone in severe infections, remdesivir in moderate/dexamethasone in severe infections, and best supportive care. Data for the model came from the published literature. The time horizon was 1 year; no discounting was performed due to the short duration. The perspective was of the payer in the United States health care system. Supportive care for moderate/severe COVID-19 cost $11,112.98 with 0.7155 quality adjusted life-year (QALY) obtained. Using dexamethasone for all patients was the most-cost effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $980.84/QALY; all remdesivir strategies were more costly and less effective. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed dexamethasone for all patients was most cost-effective in 98.3% of scenarios. Dexamethasone for moderate-severe COVID-19 infections was the most cost-effective strategy and would have minimal budget impact. Based on current data, remdesivir is unlikely to be a cost-effective treatment for COVID-19.
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