ArticleVaccine2021
Durability of protection after 5 doses of acellular pertussis vaccine among 5-9 year old children in King County, Washington.
Article in Vaccine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative analysis of adverse events following immunization with DTaP vaccine in children before and after immunization schedule adjustment.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Pertussis epidemiological surveillance and immunization history in children under five years in a megacity in China from 2019 to 2023.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Article
- Designs for Vaccine Studies.Annual review of statistics and its application · 2025Article
- Pertussis resurgence: epidemiological trends, pathogenic mechanisms, and preventive strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Pertussis vaccines, epidemiology and evolution.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Impact of outdoor air pollution on the incidence of pertussis in China: a time-series study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Estimating Waning of Vaccine Effectiveness: A Simulation Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWaning of immunity after vaccination with the acellular Pertussis (aP) vaccine has been proposed as one of the main reasons for pertussis resurgence in the US. In this study, we estimated time-varying vaccine effectiveness after 5 doses of aP vaccine.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among children 5-9 years old (born between 2008 and 2012) living in King County, Washington, USA, who participated in the Washington State Immunization Information System. We estimated time-varying vaccine effectiveness after 5 doses of aP using smoothed scaled Schoenfeld residuals obtained from fitting Cox proportional hazards models to the data as well as piecewise constant Poisson regression.
resultsThere were 55 pertussis cases in this cohort, of whom 22 (40%) were fully-vaccinated and 33 (60%) were under-vaccinated. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) remained high for up to 42 months after the fifth dose (VE(t) = 89%; 95% CI: 64%, 97%) as estimated using survival analysis methods and up to 4 years (VE(t) = 93%; 95% CI: 67%, 98%) as estimated using Poisson regression.
conclusionWe did not find evidence for waning of vaccine effectiveness for up to four years after 5 doses of aP among 5 -9 years old children in King County, WA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.