Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34492738›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2021

Cognitive impairment and all-cause mortality among Chinese adults aged 80 years or older.

Yaxi Li, Heng Jiang, Xurui Jin, Huali Wang, John S Ji, Lijing L Yan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) alterations in heart transplant patients with cognitive impairment: a resting-state fMRI study.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yaxi LiGlobal Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7616-5555
Heng JiangEHESP French School of Public Health, Rennes, France.ORCID 0000-0001-7536-9089
Xurui JinGlobal Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.
Huali WangDementia Care and Research Center, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3213-6493
John S JiEnvironmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.
Lijing L YanGlobal Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3029-0462

Funding

THE RANGE OF MALE-FEMALE MORTALITY DIFFERENCESP01AG031719 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI ZENG, YI · 2009 to 2020
$10.2M
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG031719
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe oldest-old (aged ≥80 years) are the fastest growing population segment and age is related to cognitive impairment. We aimed to estimate the association between cognitive impairment and all-cause mortality, in addition to the relationship with different cognitive subdomains among the oldest-old in China.

methodsWe analyzed 25,285 participants recruited from 22 out of 30 provinces in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 1998 to 2008, with mortality follow-up until 2014. Cognitive function was measured by the Chinese-version 30-item Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), classified as no (MMSE score: 25-30), mild (18-24), moderate (10-17), and severe (0-9) impairment. We used time-dependent Cox model to evaluate the relationship between time-varying cognition and mortality.

resultsThe relationship between cognition and mortality showed a dose-response pattern among the overall population. Compared to those with no impairment, participants with moderate (HR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.28-1.56) and severe (HR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.59-1.96) cognitive impairment showed increased mortality risk. Impairment in the subdomain of orientation was independently associated with increased mortality risk (HR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.05-1.36) among participants without overall cognitive impairment. Urban and rural residents had similar mortality risk.

conclusionsA consistent dose-response pattern existed between cognitive impairment and all-cause mortality. Orientation was associated with mortality in the population without cognitive impairment. Similar mortality regardless of residence areas indicated scarce health care and treatment for cognitive impairment in China from 1998 to 2014.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionAdultAged, 80 and overChinaCognitionHumansLongitudinal StudiesMental Status and Dementia TestsProspective Studiescognitive impairmentmortalityoldest-oldsubdomainsubgrouptime-dependent Cox regression

Identifiers

PMID34492738
PMCPMC8553308

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.