Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34492022›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

SARS-CoV-2 infections among Australian passengers on the Diamond Princess cruise ship: A retrospective cohort study.

Liz J Walker, Tudor A Codreanu, Paul K Armstrong, Sam Goodwin, Abigail Trewin, Emma Spencer, Samantha M Colquhoun, Dianne M Stephens, Rob W Baird, Nicholas M Douglas and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. COVID-19 outbreaks among crew on commercial ships at the Port of Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 2020 to 2021.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Risk factors, immune response and whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in a cruise ship outbreak in Norway.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Liz J WalkerAustralian Government Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5752-4468
Tudor A CodreanuNational Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4206-2627
Paul K ArmstrongNational Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Sam GoodwinNational Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Abigail TrewinWestern Australian Department of Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Emma SpencerNorthern Territory Department of Health, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Samantha M ColquhounNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Dianne M StephensNational Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Rob W BairdTerritory Pathology, Department of Health, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Nicholas M DouglasTerritory Pathology, Department of Health, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7214-4244
Danielle CribbAustralian Government Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7200-1227
Rhonda OwenAustralian Government Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Paul KellyAustralian Government Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Martyn D KirkAustralian Government Department of Health, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
Australian National University · AUGovernment of Western Australia Department of Health · AUAustralian Government · AUNational Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre · AUNorthern Territory Health Services · AUCharles Darwin University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundProlonged periods of confined living on a cruise ship increase the risk for respiratory disease transmission. We describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Australian passengers on the Diamond Princess cruise ship and provide recommendations to mitigate future cruise ship outbreaks.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of Australian passengers who travelled on the Diamond Princess from 20 January until 4 February 2020 and were either hospitalised, remained in Japan or repatriated. The main outcome measures included an epidemic curve, demographics, symptoms, clinical and radiological signs, risk factors and length of time to clear infection.

resultsAmong 223 Australian passengers, 56 were confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive. Forty-nine cases had data available and of these over 70% had symptoms consistent with COVID-19. Of symptomatic cases, 17% showed signs and symptoms before the ship implemented quarantine and a further two-thirds had symptoms within one incubation period of quarantine commencing. Prior to ship-based quarantine, exposure to a close contact or cabin mate later confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive was associated with a 3.78 fold (95% CI, 2.24-6.37) higher risk of COVID-19 acquisition compared to non-exposed passengers. Exposure to a positive cabin mate during the ship's quarantine carried a relative risk of 6.18 (95% CI, 1.96-19.46) of developing COVID-19. Persistently asymptomatic cases represented 29% of total cases. The median time to the first of two consecutive negative PCR-based SARS-CoV-2 assays was 13 days for asymptomatic cases and 19 days for symptomatic cases (p = 0.002).

conclusionShip based quarantine was effective at reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 amongst Australian passengers, but the risk of infection was higher if an individual shared a cabin or was a close contact of a confirmed case. Managing COVID-19 in cruise ship passengers is challenging and requires enhanced health measures and access to onshore quarantine and isolation facilities.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAustraliaChildChild, PreschoolCOVID-19Disease OutbreaksFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornJapanMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID34492022
PMCPMC8423262
OpenAlexW3196385014

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.