ReviewInternational immunology2021
Humoral and cellular immunity and the safety of COVID-19 vaccines: a summary of data published by 21 May 2021.
Review in International immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Strong immunogenicity and protection against SARS-CoV-2 in hamsters induced by heterologous boost vaccination with an MVA-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate.The Journal of general virology · 2025Article
- Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Common HCoVs in Hemodialysis Patients and Transplant Recipients: Data from the Dominican Republic.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Humoral and Cellular Immunity After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Interferon Beta and Dimethyl Fumarate.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- An Evaluation of the Cellular and Humoral Response of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Candidate Against COVID-19 with Different Alum Adjuvants.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Transplant Recipients and Hemodialysis Patients: Data from the Dominican Republic.Vaccines · 2024Article
- A chimeric mRNA vaccine of S-RBD with HA conferring broad protection against influenza and COVID-19 variants.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Vaccines for Respiratory Viruses-COVID and Beyond.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Protective RBD-dimer vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants produced in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Broad-spectrum Delta-BA.2 tandem-fused heterodimer mRNA vaccine delivered by lipopolyplex.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Ethno-demographic disparities in humoral responses to the COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Dosing interval regimen shapes potency and breadth of antibody repertoire after vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein subunit vaccine.Cell discovery · 2023Article
- Licorice-saponin A3 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor for COVID-19 by targeting viral spike and anti-inflammation.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2023Article
- Rapid evaluation of heterologous chimeric RBD-dimer mRNA vaccine for currently-epidemic Omicron sub-variants as booster shot after inactivated vaccine.Biosafety and health · 2023Article
- Seeing the T cell Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV: Believing the Epitope-Oriented Vaccines.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Review
- Neutralization sensitivity, fusogenicity, and infectivity of Omicron subvariants.Genome medicine · 2022Article
- Preclinical Toxicity and Immunogenicity of a COVID-19 Vaccine (ZF2001) in Cynomolgus Monkeys.Vaccines · 2022Article
- A tandem-repeat dimeric RBD protein-based covid-19 vaccine zf2001 protects mice and nonhuman primates.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- mRNA vaccines expressing homo-prototype/Omicron and hetero-chimeric RBD-dimers against SARS-CoV-2.Cell research · 2022Article
- A dual-antigen self-amplifying RNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces potent humoral and cellular immune responses and protects against SARS-CoV-2 variants through T cell-mediated immunity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths, and serious consequences to public health, economies and societies. Rapid responses in vaccine development have taken place since the isolation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the release of the viral genome sequence. By 21 May 2021, 101 vaccines were under clinical trials, and published data were available for 18 of them. Clinical study results from some vaccines indicated good immunogenicity and acceptable reactogenicity. Here, we focus on these 18 vaccines that had published clinical data to dissect the induced humoral and cellular immune responses as well as their safety profiles and protection efficacy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.