ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Role of Distinct Subsets of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of MS and the Impact of Different Therapeutic Agents on These Populations.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical applications and diagnostic research of GFAP and NfL in MS and NMOSD: a meta-analysis.BMC immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Current Knowledge about Nonclassical Monocytes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, a Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Harnessing macrophage signaling pathways and scalable engineering for next-generation immunotherapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stromal cells and neuroinflammation: a multimodal approach to neuroprotection and future therapeutic horizons.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Rethinking MS Therapeutics: From Disease Pathogenesis Mechanisms to AI-Driven Drug Discovery.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Review
- A radiolabeled dendrimer non-invasively identifies and tracks innate immune cell activation in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Myeloid ZNRF1 suppresses autoimmune demyelination and neuroinflammation by regulating MHC-II-mediated T cell activation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Differences of the 6N and 6J Substrains of C57BL/6 Mice in the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.MedComm · 2025Article
- Nanotechnology in Osteogenesis and Inflammation Management: Metal-Organic Frameworks, Metal Complexes, and Biomaterials for Bone Restoration.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Engineering neuroimmune regulation: biomaterial and nanotechnology platforms for neuropathology diagnosis and targeted immunomodulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel: an emerging target in demyelination disease.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Macrophage-targeted PEGylated liposomes ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Microglial Mayhem NLRP3 Inflammasome's Role in Multiple Sclerosis Pathology.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Insights and New Prospects in Disease Pathophysiology, Biomarkers and Therapies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Macrophages and HLA-Class II Alleles in Multiple Sclerosis: Insights in Therapeutic Dynamics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of a Novel Bile Acid Derivative.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Maresin-1 promotes neuroprotection and prevents disease progression in experimental models of multiple sclerosis through metabolic reprogramming and shaping innate and adaptive disease-associated cell types.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- B-1 derived anti-Thy-1 B cells in old aged mice develop lymphoma/leukemia with high expression of CD11b and Hamp2 that different from TCL1 transgenic mice.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- The role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases: current understanding and future therapeutic targets.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Besides the vital role of T cells, other immune cells, including B cells, innate immune cells, and macrophages (MФs), also play a critical role in MS pathogenesis. Tissue-resident MФs in the brain's parenchyma, known as microglia and monocyte-derived MФs, enter into the CNS following alterations in CNS homeostasis that induce inflammatory responses in MS. Although the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions of monocyte-derived MФs and resident MФs are required to maintain CNS tolerance, they can release inflammatory cytokines and reactivate primed T cells during neuroinflammation. In the CNS of MS patients, elevated myeloid cells and activated MФs have been found and associated with demyelination and axonal loss. Thus, according to the role of MФs in neuroinflammation, they have attracted attention as a therapeutic target. Also, due to their different origin, location, and turnover, other strategies may require to target the various myeloid cell populations. Here we review the role of distinct subsets of MФs in the pathogenesis of MS and different therapeutic agents that target these cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.