Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34489887›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2021

The Influence of Cesarean Section on the Composition and Development of Gut Microbiota During the First 3 Months of Life.

Gao Long, Yuting Hu, Enfu Tao, Bo Chen, Xiaoli Shu, Wei Zheng, Mizu Jiang

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07320287 (A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Trial to Evaluate Effects of Multi-strain Bacillus Spore Probiotic Supplements), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07320287 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Trial to Evaluate Effects of Multi-strain Bacillus Spore Probiotic Supplements (LiveSpo PREG-MOM and LiveSpo CONSY) on Growth Metrics, Prevention of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, and Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Cesarean-Delivered Neonates

TypeinterventionalSponsorAnabio R&DRan2026 to 2027Enrolled180ConditionsFunctional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs), Weight LossArmsRO water, LiveSpo PREG-MOM, LiveSpo CONSY
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Gut-X axis.iMeta · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Effect of β-lactam antibiotics on the gut microbiota of term neonates.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2024
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Observational
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gao LongDepartment of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Yuting HuDepartment of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Enfu TaoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Bo ChenDepartment of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaoli ShuDepartment of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Wei ZhengDepartment of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Mizu JiangDepartment of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Zhejiang, China.
Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The intestinal microbiota has emerged as a critical regulator of growth and development in the early postnatal period of life. Cesarean section (CS) delivery is one of the strongest disrupting factors of the normal colonization process and has been reported as a risk factor for disorders in later life. In this study, we dynamically and longitudinally evaluated the impact of CS on the initial colonization pattern and development of gut microbiota by 16 healthy Chinese infants with fecal samples collected at 9 time points (day 5, day 8, day 11, week 2, week 4, week 6, week 7, month 2, and month 3) during the first 3 months of life. The V3-V4 regions of

Indexed as

cesarean sectiondevelopmentFirmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratiogut microbiotaobesity

Identifiers

PMID34489887
PMCPMC8416498
OpenAlexW3194111475

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.