ArticleThe British journal of ophthalmology2023
Associations of systemic health and medication use with the enlargement rate of geographic atrophy in age-related macular degeneration.
Article in The British journal of ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- The optical coherence tomography and microperimetry biomarker evaluation in patients with geographic atrophy (OMEGA) study: Geographic atrophy progression in fundus autofluorescence - OMEGA report 3.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Thyroid hormone signaling in ocular development and diseases.Biological research · 2025Review
- Apolipoprotein M attenuates age-related macular degeneration phenotypes via sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling and lysosomal lipid catabolism.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Age-related macular degeneration: natural history revisited in geographic atrophy.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Chorioretinal Atrophic Lesions Evolution in Patients with Quiescent Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization Followed for More Than 10 Years.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Update on glial antibody-mediated optic neuritis.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Geographic atrophy: Understanding the relationship between structure and function.Asia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe associations of geographic atrophy (GA) progression with systemic health status and medication use are unclear.
methodsWe manually delineated GA in 318 eyes in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study. We calculated GA perimeter-adjusted growth rate as the ratio between GA area growth rate and mean GA perimeter between the first and last visit for each eye (mean follow-up=5.3 years). Patients' history of systemic health and medications was collected through questionnaires administered at study enrolment. We evaluated the associations between GA perimeter-adjusted growth rate and 27 systemic health factors using univariable and multivariable linear mixed-effects regression models.
resultsIn the univariable model, GA perimeter-adjusted growth rate was associated with GA in the fellow eye at any visit (p=0.002), hypertension history (p=0.03), cholesterol-lowering medication use (p<0.001), beta-blocker use (p=0.02), diuretic use (p<0.001) and thyroid hormone use (p=0.03). Among the six factors, GA in the fellow eye at any visit (p=0.008), cholesterol-lowering medication use (p=0.002), and diuretic use (p<0.001) were independently associated with higher GA perimeter-adjusted growth rate in the multivariable model. GA perimeter-adjusted growth rate was 51.1% higher in patients with versus without cholesterol-lowering medication use history and was 37.8% higher in patients with versus without diuretic use history.
conclusionsGA growth rate may be associated with the fellow eye status, cholesterol-lowering medication use, and diuretic use. These possible associations do not infer causal relationships, and future prospective studies are required to investigate the relationships further.
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