Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34488821›Full record

ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2021

Downregulated CLIP3 induces radioresistance by enhancing stemness and glycolytic flux in glioblastoma.

Hyunkoo Kang, Sungmin Lee, Kyeongmin Kim, Jaewan Jeon, Seok-Gu Kang, HyeSook Youn, Hae Yu Kim, BuHyun Youn

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Uncovering hypothesis-generating associations between prescription drugs and digestive cancer risk: a case-control drug-wide association study (DWAS).Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Hyunkoo KangDepartment of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Sungmin LeeDepartment of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Kyeongmin KimDepartment of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Jaewan JeonDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Seok-Gu KangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
HyeSook YounDepartment of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hae Yu KimDepartment of Neurosurgery, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
BuHyun YounDepartment of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea. bhyoun72@pusan.ac.kr.
Pusan National University · KRInje University Haeundae Paik Hospital · KRSejong University · KRYonsei University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a malignant primary brain tumor in which the standard treatment, ionizing radiation (IR), achieves a median survival of about 15 months. GBM harbors glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), which play a crucial role in therapeutic resistance and recurrence.

methodsPatient-derived GSCs, GBM cell lines, intracranial GBM xenografts, and GBM sections were used to measure mRNA and protein expression and determine the related molecular mechanisms by qRT-PCR, immunoblot, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, OCR, ECAR, live-cell imaging, and immunohistochemistry. Orthotopic GBM xenograft models were applied to investigate tumor inhibitory effects of glimepiride combined with radiotherapy.

resultsWe report that GSCs that survive standard treatment radiation upregulate Speedy/RINGO cell cycle regulator family member A (Spy1) and downregulate CAP-Gly domain containing linker protein 3 (CLIP3, also known as CLIPR-59). We discovered that Spy1 activation and CLIP3 inhibition coordinately shift GBM cell glucose metabolism to favor glycolysis via two cellular processes: transcriptional regulation of CLIP3 and facilitating Glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) trafficking to cellular membranes in GBM cells. Importantly, in combination with IR, glimepiride, an FDA-approved medication used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, disrupts GSCs maintenance and suppresses glycolytic activity by restoring CLIP3 function. In addition, combining radiotherapy and glimepiride significantly reduced GBM growth and improved survival in a GBM orthotopic xenograft mouse model.

conclusionsOur data suggest that radioresistant GBM cells exhibit enhanced stemness and glycolytic activity mediated by the Spy1-CLIP3 axis. Thus, glimepiride could be an attractive strategy for overcoming radioresistance and recurrence by rescuing CLIP3 expression.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorDisease Models, AnimalDown-RegulationGlioblastomaGlycolysisHumansMaleMiceMice, NudeMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsNeoplastic Stem CellsRadiation ToleranceXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysCLIP3 protein, humanMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsCLIP3GlimepirideGlioblastomaGlioblastoma stem-like cellsRadioresistance

Identifiers

PMID34488821
PMCPMC8420000
OpenAlexW3196691933

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.