Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34488795›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2021

Injectable exosome-functionalized extracellular matrix hydrogel for metabolism balance and pyroptosis regulation in intervertebral disc degeneration.

Hongyuan Xing, Zengjie Zhang, Qijiang Mao, Chenggui Wang, Youlong Zhou, Xiaopeng Zhou, Liwei Ying, Haibin Xu, Shaojun Hu, Ning Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
160citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
29.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

160 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 289 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. MnOMaterials today. Bio · 2026
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  13. Clinical Applications of Extracellular Vesicles: Promises and Pitfalls.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
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  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Advanced small extracellular vesicles delivery systems forExtracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2026
    Review

100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Hongyuan Xing *Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Zengjie Zhang *Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Qijiang MaoDepartment of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, China.
Chenggui WangDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Youlong ZhouDepartment of Orthopedics, Changxing People's Hospital, Changxing, China.
Xiaopeng ZhouDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Liwei YingDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Haibin XuDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Shaojun HuDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Ning ZhangDepartment of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. zhangning@zju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2990-7442
Zhejiang University · CNSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University · CNSir Run Run Shaw Hospital · CNTaixing People's Hospital · CN

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81603126National Natural Science Foundation of China 81972514National Natural Science Foundation of China 82002327
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Exosome therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) and achieves its therapeutic effects by regulating metabolic disorders, the microenvironment and cell homeostasis with the sustained release of microRNAs, proteins, and transcription factors. However, the rapid clearance and disruption of exosomes are the two major challenges for the application of exosome therapy in IVDD. Herein, a thermosensitive acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel coupled with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) exosomes (dECM@exo) that inherits the superior properties of nucleus pulposus tissue and ADSCs was fabricated to ameliorate IVDD. This thermosensitive dECM@exo hydrogel system can provide not only in situ gelation to replenish ECM leakage in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) but also an environment for the growth of NPCs. In addition, sustained release of ADSC-derived exosomes from this system regulates matrix synthesis and degradation by regulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inhibits pyroptosis by mitigating the inflammatory response in vitro. Animal results demonstrated that the dECM@exo hydrogel system maintained early IVD microenvironment homeostasis and ameliorated IVDD. This functional system can serve as a powerful platform for IVD drug delivery and biotherapy and an alternative therapy for IVDD.

Indexed as

PyroptosisAnimalsExosomesExtracellular MatrixHumansHydrogelsIntervertebral Disc DegenerationMaleMatrix Metalloproteinase 13Mesenchymal Stem CellsMicroRNAsNucleus PulposusRatsTissue EngineeringHydrogelsMatrix Metalloproteinase 13MicroRNAsExosomeExtracellular matrixIntervertebral disc degenerationPyroptosisTissue engineering

Identifiers

PMID34488795
PMCPMC8419940
OpenAlexW3197325840

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.