ArticleBMC public health2021
Experiences of social stigma among patients tested positive for COVID-19 and their family members: a qualitative study.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing COVID-19 Testing Strategies in K-12 Schools in Underserved Populations.Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMPTrial
- Psychological Components of Disease Stigma Across Illnesses: Associations with Cultural and Personal Factors.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparative study of stigma and discrimination among vaccinated and non-vaccinated COVID-19 survivors in Bangladesh.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A cross-sectional study of COVID-19 testing and disclosure hesitancy: The role of responsibility attribution in South Korea.PloS one · 2025Article
- "When selling anything to an audience, visible publicity is key:" experiences, barriers, and enablers to participate in a COVID-19 study in Malawi.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- COVID testing hesitancy among pregnant patients: lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic about the unique needs and challenges of medically complex populations.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- What are the frequent complaints voiced by inpatients and physicians amidst the emerging infectious diseases? - An illustrative instance of the COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Ethical considerations during Mpox Outbreak: a scoping review.BMC medical ethics · 2024Article
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- Anticipated and Experienced Stigma After Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2: A Qualitative Study.Health promotion practice · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Linked Social Stigma Among Arab Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Experiences from the Active Phase of the Pandemic.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Article
- Family caregiver experience of caring COVID-19 patients admitted in COVID-19 hospital of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.PloS one · 2024Article
- Relatives' experiences of visiting restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic's first wave: a PREMs study in Valais Hospital, Switzerland.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Tuberculosis and COVID-19 Related Stigma: Portuguese Patients Experiences.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2023Article
- Management of COVID-19 and vaccination in Nepal: A qualitative study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2023Article
- A multi-country study of the associations between HIV vulnerability status, perception of COVID-19 related stigma and post-traumatic stress symptoms during the first wave of the pandemic.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Stigma, Sociodemographic Factors, and Clinical Factors Associated with Psychological Distress among COVID-19 Survivors during the Convalescence Period: A Multi-Centre Study in Malaysia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Stigmatizing Monkeypox and COVID-19: A Comparative Framing Study ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review.SAGE open medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSocial stigma against persons infected with COVID-19 is not uncommon. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experience of social stigma among COVID-19 positive patients and their family members.
methodThis cross-sectional study was conducted between April to June 2020 in Malaysia. Patients who have recovered from COVID-19 for at least 1 month and their family members who were tested with negative results, Malaysian and aged 18-65 years old were purposively sampled. Cold call method was employed to recruit patients while their family members were recruited by their recommendations. Telephone interviews were conducted with the participants after obtaining their verbal consent.
resultsA total of 18 participants took part in this study. Three themes emerged from the interviews: (Ι) experience of stigmatization, (ΙΙ) perspective on disease disclosure, and (ΙΙΙ) suggestion on coping and reducing stigma. The participants expressed their experiences of being isolated, labelled, and blamed by the people surrounding them including the health care providers, neighbours, and staff at the service counters. Some respondents expressed their willingness to share their experience with others by emphasizing the importance of taking preventive measure in order to stop the chain of virus transmission and some of them chose to disclose this medical history for official purpose because of fear and lack of understanding among the public. As suggested by the respondents, the approaches in addressing social stigma require the involvement of the government, the public, health care provider, and religious leader.
conclusionIndividuals recovered from COVID-19 and their families experienced social stigma. Fear and lack of public understanding of the COVID-19 disease were the key factors for non-disclosure. Some expressed their willingness to share their experience as they perceived it as method to increase public awareness and thereby reducing social stigma. Multifaceted approaches with the involvement of multiple parties including the government, non-governmental organization as well as the general public were recommended as important measures to address the issues of social stigma.
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