Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34487749›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine2021

E-cigarette initiation predicts subsequent academic performance among youth: Results from the PATH Study.

Craig T Dearfield, Julia C Chen-Sankey, Timothy S McNeel, Debra H Bernat, Kelvin Choi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  19. Nicotine on the developing brain.Pharmacological research · 2023
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Craig T DearfieldThe George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America. Electronic address: cdearfield@gwu.edu.
Julia C Chen-SankeyDivision of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
Timothy S McNeelInformation Management Services, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States of America.
Debra H BernatThe George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States of America.
Kelvin ChoiDivision of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.

Funding

Understanding and reducing tobacco-related health disparities through social and behavioral researchZIAMD000006 · NIMHD · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES · PI CHOI, KELVIN · 2015 to 2025
$7.0M
Understanding the Influence of E-cigarette Advertisement FeaturesR00CA242589 · NCI · RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES · PI CHEN-SANKEY, JULIA CEN · 2021 to 2024
$842k
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA MD000006NCI NIH HHS K99 CA242589NCI NIH HHS R00 CA242589
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Research shows cigarette smoking is associated with lower academic performance among youth. This study examines how initiating e-cigarette use is associated with subsequent academic performance. Data from Waves 2-4 youth and parent surveys of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study were analyzed. Youth (12-15 years old) who reported never using any tobacco products at Wave 2 were included in the analysis (n = 4960). Initiation of e-cigarettes and cigarettes was assessed at Wave 3. Weighted multivariable linear regression models were tested to assess the association between e-cigarette and cigarette initiation at Wave 3 and academic performance at Wave 4, controlling for covariates at Wave 2. At Wave 3, 4.3% and 1.9% of youth initiated e-cigarette and cigarette use, respectively. Youth who initiated e-cigarette use at Wave 3 had lower academic performance at Wave 4, compared to those who did not initiate e-cigarette use (adjusted regression coefficient [ARC] -0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.43, -0.02). Initiating cigarettes was also associated with lower academic performance (ARC -0.51, 95% CI -0.84, -0.18). Results indicate that e-cigarette use initiation is associated with lower subsequent academic performance, independent from the association between cigarette use initiation and lower academic performance among U.S. youth. Future research needs to examine whether preventing youth e-cigarette and cigarette use can lead to improvement in academic performance.

Indexed as

Academic PerformanceCigarette SmokingElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsTobacco ProductsVapingAdolescentChildHumansAcademic achievementAdolescentsE-cigarettesLongitudinal analysisTobacco initiation

Identifiers

PMID34487749
PMCPMC8595658

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.