Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34487687›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2021

Ecological Analysis of the Decline in Incidence Rates of COVID-19 Among Nursing Home Residents Associated with Vaccination, United States, December 2020-January 2021.

Andrea L Benin, Minn M Soe, Jonathan R Edwards, Suparna Bagchi, Ruth Link-Gelles, Stephanie J Schrag, Kurt Herzer, Jennifer R Verani, Daniel Budnitz, Srinivas Nanduri and 16 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Andrea L BeninCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Minn M SoeCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jonathan R EdwardsCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Suparna BagchiCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Ruth Link-GellesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Stephanie J SchragCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Kurt HerzerCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jennifer R VeraniCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Daniel BudnitzCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Srinivas NanduriCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
John JerniganCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Chris EdensCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Radhika GharpureCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Anita PatelCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Hsiu WuCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Beth C GolshirCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: kqo9@cdc.gov.
Aaron JaffePalantir, Denver, CO, USA.
Qunna LiCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Arjun SrinivasanCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Evan ShulmanCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Shari M LingCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jean Moody-WilliamsCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lee A FleisherCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Daniel A PollockCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jeneita BellCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
NHSN Team
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate if facility-level vaccination after an initial vaccination clinic was independently associated with COVID-19 incidence adjusted for other factors in January 2021 among nursing home residents.

designEcological analysis of data from the CDC's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) and from the CDC's Pharmacy Partnership for Long-Term Care Program. SETTING AND

participantsCMS-certified nursing homes participating in both NHSN and the Pharmacy Partnership for Long-Term Care Program.

methodsA multivariable, random intercepts, negative binomial model was applied to contrast COVID-19 incidence rates among residents living in facilities with an initial vaccination clinic during the week ending January 3, 2021 (n = 2843), vs those living in facilities with no vaccination clinic reported up to and including the week ending January 10, 2021 (n = 3216). Model covariates included bed size, resident SARS-CoV-2 testing, staff with COVID-19, cumulative COVID-19 among residents, residents admitted with COVID-19, community county incidence, and county social vulnerability index (SVI).

resultsIn December 2020 and January 2021, incidence of COVID-19 among nursing home residents declined to the lowest point since reporting began in May, diverged from the pattern in community cases, and began dropping before vaccination occurred. Comparing week 3 following an initial vaccination clinic vs week 2, the adjusted reduction in COVID-19 rate in vaccinated facilities was 27% greater than the reduction in facilities where vaccination clinics had not yet occurred (95% confidence interval: 14%-38%, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Vaccination of residents contributed to the decline in COVID-19 incidence in nursing homes; however, other factors also contributed. The decline in COVID-19 was evident prior to widespread vaccination, highlighting the benefit of a multifaced approach to prevention including continued use of recommended screening, testing, and infection prevention practices as well as vaccination to keep residents in nursing homes safe.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 TestingHumansIncidenceNursing HomesSARS-CoV-2United StatesVaccinationCOVID-19Nursing homesvaccination

Identifiers

PMID34487687
PMCPMC8360974
OpenAlexW3194240986

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.