ArticleNeurourology and urodynamics2021
Magnetic resonance imaging interactions with a sacral neuromodulation system.
Article in Neurourology and urodynamics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neuromodulation for Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: Mechanisms, Modalities, and Patient Selection.International urogynecology journal · 2026Review
- Should We Consider Sacral Nerve Stimulation as a Treatment for Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction? ICI-RS 2025.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2026Review
- 'BJUI Clinical Dilemma': the overactive bladder.BJU international · 2026Article
- Outcomes and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-compatible sacral nerve stimulator for management of fecal incontinence: A multi-institutional study.World journal of radiology · 2024Article
- Neuromodulation Techniques in Chronic Refractory Coccydynia: A Narrative Review.Pain and therapy · 2024Review
- Pathways and parameters of sacral neuromodulation in rats.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2023Article
- Magnetic resonance imaging interactions with a sacral neuromodulation system.Neurourology and urodynamics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsSacral neuromodulation (SNM) has successfully treated patients with functional urinary and/or bowel disorders for more than two decades. Historically, patients with the InterStim system (Medtronic) were contraindicated for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. In 2012, Medtronic obtained Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for allowing 1.5 Tesla (T) MRI head scans. In September 2019, the Axonics System (Axonics) received FDA approval for 1.5 T full-body MR Conditional labeling and then 3 T full-body MR Conditional labeling in July 2020. In August 2020, Medtronic received 1.5 and 3 T full-body MR Conditional labeling from the FDA for their new SNM systems (InterStim II and Micro devices with SureScan
methodsThis paper explains the fundamentals of MRI physics, its interactions with active implantable medical devices (AIMDs), the subsequent potential safety hazards with emphasis on radio frequency (RF)-related safety, and the risks associated with "Off-label" scans, including abandoned and broken leads.
resultsMRI guidelines provided by the AIMD device manufacturer should be followed to ensure MRI scan safety and avoid any unnecessary risk to patients.
conclusionsMRI guidelines provided by the device manufacturer are the best resource for guidance for performing safe MRI scanning. Specific conditions should be fully understood and generalizations on MRI safety claims based on partial analysis or case studies should be avoided.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.