ReviewRheumatology international2022
An overview of effective and potential new conservative interventions in patients with frozen shoulder.
Review in Rheumatology international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- The diagnostic value of physical examination tests in adhesive capsulitis: a systematic review.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2023Pooled it
- A randomized controlled trial of brachial plexus block manipulation versus steroid injection in conscious patients for moderate to severe shoulder stiffness.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Trial
- The effects of the mirror therapy on shoulder function in patients with breast cancer following surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2024Trial
- Association between 1400 metabolites mediated gut microbiota and frozen shoulder: An exploratory 2-step mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Psychological Factors, Central Sensitization, and Insomnia as Potential Prognostic Factors for Short-Term Pain and Disability in Patients With Frozen Shoulder: A Multicentric Prospective Single-Cohort Study.Pain research & management · 2026Article
- What do European shoulder surgeons think of the frozen shoulder? Results of a questionnaire survey among the members of the European Society for Surgery of the Shoulder and the Elbow and a review of the current evidence.EFORT open reviews · 2025Review
- Antioxidant RuCo nanosheet attenuates capsule fibrosis in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder by p38 MAPK signaling pathway inhibition.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Si-ITGA6-Loaded Liposomes Inhibit Capsule Fibrosis via the FAK/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Rat models of frozen shoulder: Classification and evaluation.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Frozen shoulder: subjects' needs and perspectives and clinicians' beliefs and management strategies: do they align? A cross-sectional study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Rehabilitation in subjects with frozen shoulder: a survey of current (2023) clinical practice of Italian physiotherapists.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- [Comparison of mid-term effectiveness between diabetic secondary stiff shoulder and primary frozen shoulder after arthroscopic shoulder capsular release combined with acromiohumeral distance restoration].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2024Article
- Psychometric properties of the Disability of Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) in subjects with frozen shoulder: a reliability and validity study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Frozen shoulder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2022Review
- A Central Nervous System Focused Treatment Program for People with Frozen Shoulder: A Feasibility Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Frozen shoulder (FS) is a pathology that is difficult to understand and difficult to manage. Over the last ten years, contradictory and new evidence is provided regarding the recovery and its natural course. This narrative review provides new information about the diagnosis and conservative treatment of patients with FS and ongoing research hypotheses that might provide new insights in the pathology and treatment options. FS has a characteristic course. People with Diabetes Mellitus and thyroid disorders have a higher risk of developing a FS. The diagnosis FS is based on pattern recognition and physical examination. Additionally, 'rule-in' and 'rule-out' criteria can be used to increase the likelihood of the frozen shoulder diagnosis. Recommended and most common physical therapy interventions are mobilization techniques and exercises, in which tissue irritability can guide its intensity. In addition, physical therapy is often complementary with patient education and pharmacotherapy. The latest evidence-based practice related to FS is proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and mirror therapy. In addition, interventions like pain neuroscience education, high-intensity interval training and lifestyle changes are still hypothetical. Finally, better insight in the involvement of biochemical processes, function of myofibroblasts and matrix metalloproteinases can provide better understanding in the pathophysiology and will be addressed in current review.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.