ArticleLancet regional health. Americas2021
SARS-CoV-2 infection of the central nervous system in a 14-month-old child: A case report of a complete autopsy.
Article in Lancet regional health. Americas, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- A dual-database bibliometric analysis of post-COVID-19 condition and cognitive dysfunction (2021-2025).Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review on impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Microbiological research · 2023Pooled it
- Neurological and neurodevelopmental effects of Covid and MIS-C on children.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- A survey of SARS-CoV-2 tropism.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2025Review
- COVID-19 and Cognitive Change in a Community-Based Cohort.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection of human cortical cells is influenced by the interaction between aneuploidy and biological sex: insights from a Down syndrome in vitro model.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Case report of brain death in a child due to COVID-19 and literature review.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Editorial: Viral infection pathogenesis and pathology in nervous system.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Knowns and unknowns of TiLV-associated neuronal disease.Virulence · 2024Review
- Ependymal cells: roles in central nervous system infections and therapeutic application.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Choroid plexus defects in Down syndrome brain organoids enhance neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2.Science advances · 2024Article
- Severe pediatric COVID-19: a review from the clinical and immunopathophysiological perspectives.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Review
- Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children: experts' consensus statement updated for the Omicron variant.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2024Article
- Investigating the Potential Shared Molecular Mechanisms between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease via Transcriptomic Analysis.Viruses · 2024Article
- Mast cell activation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 causes inflammation in brain microvascular endothelial cells and microglia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Postmortem neuropathology in COVID-19: An update.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infects epithelial cells of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier rather than endothelial cells or pericytes of the blood-brain barrier.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human brain and memory.Cell death discovery · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 and the nervous system: current perspectives.Archives of virology · 2023Review
- Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNeurological and other systemic complications occur in adults with severe COVID-19. Here we describe SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by neuroinvasion in the
methodsWe performed a complete autopsy of a 14-month-old child who died of COVID-19 pneumonitis. Histological sections of multiple organs were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Luxol fast blue staining for myelin and immunohistochemistry were performed in selected areas of the brain. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 was investigated by immunostaining with anti-spike protein antibody and by RT-qPCR.
findingsLesions included microthrombosis, pulmonary congestion, interstitial oedema, lymphocytic infiltrates, bronchiolar injury, collapsed alveolar spaces, cortical atrophy, and severe neuronal loss. SARS-CoV-2 staining was observed along the apical region of the choroid plexus (ChP) epithelium and in ependymal cells of the lateral ventricle, but was restricted to ChP capillaries and vessels in some regions. SARS-CoV-2 infection of brain tissue was confirmed by RT-qPCR in fragments of the ChP, lateral ventricle, and cortex.
interpretationOur results show multisystemic histopathological alterations caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and contribute to knowledge regarding the course of fatal COVID-19 in children. Furthermore, our findings of ChP infection and viral neurotropism suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may invade the central nervous system by blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier disruption.
fundingCarlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Supporting Research in the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), in addition to intramural grants from D'Or Institute for Research and Education. EDITOR'S NOTE: This translation in Portuguese was submitted by the authors and we reproduce it as supplied. It has not been peer reviewed. Our editorial processes have only been applied to the original abstract in English, which should serve as reference for this manuscript. RESUMO: Complicações sistêmicas e neurológicas foram descritas em adultos com COVID-19 grave. Neste trabalho, descrevemos a infecção por SARS-CoV-2, incluindo sua neuroinvasão, nos tecidos MÉTODOS: Realizamos a autópsia completa de uma criança de 14 meses que morreu de pneumonite por COVID-19. Cortes histológicos de múltiplos órgãos foram corados com Hematoxilina e Eosina. A coloração de Luxol Fast Blue para mielina e imuno-histoquímica foram realizadas em áreas selecionadas do cérebro. A presença de SARS-CoV-2 foi investigada por imunomarcação com anticorpo anti-proteína spike e por RT-qPCR. ACHADOS: As lesões incluíram microtrombose, congestão pulmonar, edema intersticial, infiltrados linfocíticos, lesão bronquiolar, colapso dos espaços alveolares, atrofia cortical e perda neuronal grave. A presença de SARS-CoV-2 foi observada ao longo da região apical do epitélio do plexo coróide (PC) e nas células ependimárias do ventrículo lateral, mas ficou restrita aos capilares e vasos do PC em outras regiões. A infecção do tecido cerebral por SARS-CoV-2 foi confirmada por RT-qPCR em fragmentos do PC, ventrículo lateral e cortex cerebral. INTERPRETAÇÃO: Nossos resultados mostram alterações histopatológicas multissistêmicas causadas pela infecção por SARS-CoV-2 e contribuem para ampliar o conhecimento sobre a evolução da COVID-19 fatal em crianças. Além disso, nossos achados sobre a infecção no PC e neurotropismo viral sugerem que o SARS-CoV-2 pode invadir o sistema nervoso central pela ruptura da barreira sangue-líquido cefalorraquidiano. FINANCIAMENTO: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ) e Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), além de financiamento intramural do Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Educação.
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