ArticlePopulation medicine2021
Time spent outdoors and sleep normality: A preliminary investigation.
Article in Population medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSleep deficiency is associated with health risks, and time outdoors is related to health benefits. This study assessed time outdoors and its association with sleep normality.
methodsAs part of a health study in Louisville, Kentucky, 735 participants completed questionnaires on their health status, behaviors, neighborhoods, and demographics in 2018-2019. The measures included information on sleep, time outdoors, and mental and physical health. Participant characteristics were assessed by dichotomized sleep normality (N=728), and logistic regression (N=709) examined potential associations between time outdoors and sleep.
resultsAs time spent outdoors increased from ≤4 hours to >4 - ≤8 hours (OR=1.04; 95% CI: 0.65-1.64) and >8 - ≤12 hours (OR=1.17; 95% CI: 0.63-2.17), odds of normal sleep increased; however, those who spent >12 - ≤16 hours (OR=0.63; 95% CI: 0.31-1.27) or >16 hours (OR=0.83; 95% CI: 0.45-1.53) outdoors had a lower likelihood of normal sleep. No associations between time outdoors and sleep were significant. There was a significant trend of less bodily pain associated with normal sleep (p<0.001) and in the association of depression and sleep, where odds of normal sleep decreased as depression severity increased (p<0.001).
conclusionsConsistent with extant literature, findings indicate associations between less pain and increased odds of normal sleep and between higher severity of depression and lower odds of normal sleep. Findings for an overall association between time outdoors and sleep normality were not significant. Future work should seek to better explicate the predictor variables to assess how greenness and activity type shape associations with sleep.
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