Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34485721›Full record

ArticleeNeurologicalSci2021

Healthcare professionals' knowledge of modifiable stroke risk factors: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey in greater Gaborone, Botswana.

Ookeditse Ookeditse, Thusego R Motswakadikgwa, Kebadiretse K Ookeditse, Gosiame Masilo, Yaone Bogatsu, Baleufi C Lekobe, Mosepele Mosepele, Henrik Schirmer, Stein H Johnsen

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in eNeurologicalSci, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Ookeditse OokeditseTrust hospital in Vestfold, Kysthospitalet Sykehuset, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Neurorehabilitation Medicine, Tønsberg, Norway.
Thusego R MotswakadikgwaUniversity of Botswana, Faculty of Medicine, Gaborone, Botswana.
Kebadiretse K OokeditseNotodden medical office, Notodden, Telemark county, Norway.
Gosiame MasiloLarvik County Acute and Emergency Clinic, Department of Family Medicine, Larvik, Norway.
Yaone BogatsuUniversity of Botswana, Faculty of Medicine, Gaborone, Botswana.
Baleufi C LekobeSidilega Private Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Gaborone, Botswana.
Mosepele MosepeleUniversity of Botswana, Faculty of Medicine, Gaborone, Botswana.
Henrik SchirmerUIT The Arctic University of Norway, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tromsø, Norway.
Stein H JohnsenUniversity Hospital of North Norway, Department of Neurology, Tromsø, Norway.
University of Botswana · BWLarvik kommune · NOSykehuset i Vestfold · NOUiT The Arctic University of Norway · NOUniversity Hospital of North Norway · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStroke remains the second leading cause of deaths and disability globally, with highest mortality in Africa (low- and middle-income countries). It is crucial for healthcare professionals to have sufficient stroke risk factors' knowledge in order to reduce the stroke burden.

aimsWe investigated healthcare professionals' knowledge of modifiable stroke risk factors, and identified demographic factors influencing this knowledge.

methodsIn this cross-sectional survey study from Botswana (upper middle-income country), structured questionnaires reflecting recent stroke guidelines were administered to a representative selection of healthcare workers in greater Gaborone. The response rate was 61.4%, comprising 84 doctors, 227 nurses and 33 paramedics. Categorical data were described using percentages and Chi-square tests. Associations between stroke risk factors' knowledge and demographic factors were analyzed with one-way ANOVA using SPSS 25 statistical software.

resultsAwareness rate of individual stroke risk factors was highest for hypertension (96.5%), followed by obesity (93.3%), smoking (91.9%), elevated total cholesterol (91.0%), physical inactivity (83.4%), elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (81.1%), excessive alcohol drinking (77.0%), and lowest for diabetes (73.3%). For all-8 risk factors, doctors had the highest knowledge, followed by nurses and paramedics lowest (7.11 vs 6.85 vs 6.06,

conclusionIn Botswana, specific healthcare professionals' subgroups need to be targeted for continuing education on stroke risk factors for improving stroke prevention and reducing stroke-related disability and mortality.

Indexed as

AHA/ASA, American Heart Association/American Stroke AssociationANOVA, analysis of varianceAwarenessDALY, Disability-adjusted life-yearsHealthcare professionalsHIC, high-income countriesKnowledgeLDL, low-density lipoproteinLMIC, low- and middle-income countriesLow and middle-income countriesModifiable stroke risk factorsP, p-valueSD, standard deviationSPSS, Statistical Package for the Social SciencesSSA, Sub-Saharan AfricaUpper middle-income countryUSA, United States of America

Identifiers

PMID34485721
PMCPMC8408515
OpenAlexW3196811448

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.