ReviewJournal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences2021
Developed and validated food frequency questionnaires in Iran: A systematic literature review.
Review in Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effect of Chromium Picolinate Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Gene Expression, and DNA Damage in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome: a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Biological trace element research · 2026Trial
- Food Frequency Questionnaires Validated in Brazil: A Scoping Review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Article
- Association of World Index for Sustainability and Health Score with metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults from the PERSIAN Dena cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of dietary inflammatory index with dyslipidemia and atherogenic indices in Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study from the PERSIAN dena cohort.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- The relationship between dietary phytochemical index and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a case-control study.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary Antioxidant Index and the Risk of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis.International dental journal · 2025Article
- The association between the dietary inflammatory index and multiple myeloma: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between healthy beverage index and healthy beverage score with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Article
- A scoping review of dietary assessment questionnaires potentially suitable for assessing habitual dietary intake in the National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan.Journal of nutritional science · 2024Article
- Empirically derived dietary patterns and postpartum depression symptoms in a large sample of Iranian women.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index with gallstone disease: finding from Dena PERSIAN cohort.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFood frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are inexpensive, easy to administer, and practical tools for dietary assessment in epidemiological studies. Several studies have investigated the validity and reproducibility of FFQs for the Iranian population. This systematic review aimed to assess the developed and validated FFQs for use in the Iranian population and compare their features and the validation studies in this regard. MATERIALS AND
methodsA comprehensive search was conducted in ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, and Iranian databases without time constraints to retrieve the relevant English and non-English publications. Studies would be included if they were focused on the design and validation of FFQs in Iran.
resultsIn total, 782 articles were found, 22 of which met the eligibility criteria and evaluated 18 FFQs. Validation studies had been conducted on 18 out of 20 FFQs. The median of the correlation coefficients for the comparison of the FFQ intakes and the dietary reference method by nutrients varied within the range of 0.19-0.65, indicating reasonable validity. The median of the correlation coefficients for the comparison of two FFQs by nutrients was 0.28-0.85, showing appropriate reproducibility. However, low validity was observed in some nutrients and food groups, such as egg, legumes, iron, folate, and α-tocopherol. In seven studies, biomarkers were used for the assessment of nutrient intake using an FFQ with the median correlation coefficient of -0.07-0.42. In addition, the quality of methodology was evaluated in the FFQ validation studies, with 18 out of 20 studies reporting good and excellent quality.
conclusionAlthough the FFQs used to assess the dietary intake of the Iranian population have different features, they have acceptable validity and reproducibility. Nevertheless, some food groups and nutrients have poor validity and must be considered attentively.
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