ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Role of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells in Regulation of Macrophages/Microglial Cells in Retinal Immunobiology.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood-Ocular Barrier Dysfunction in Uveitis: A Bidirectional Model Linking Pathogenesis, Clinical Monitoring, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Vitamin A Modulates AHR Signaling and Restricts Zika Virus Replication in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Insights from Molecular Modeling and Antiviral Assays.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Melanin as a Redox Hub: Linking Energy Flow to Genome Stability and Immune Control.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2026Review
- Understanding the Molecular Basis of Pathological Retinal Angiogenesis: Roles of Lipids, Non-Coding RNAs, and Cellular Crosstalk.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of and mitigating strategies for cellular immune responses to CRISPR-associated nucleases in genome editing therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Freeze-Dried Extracts ofPreventive nutrition and food science · 2026Article
- In-Vivo Characterization of Healthy Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Photoreceptor Cells from AO-(T)FI Imaging.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Surgical Approaches to Retinal Gene Therapy: 2025 Update.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Tacrolimus Modulates TGF-β Signaling-Related Genes and MicroRNAs in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Activated by Lipopolysaccharide.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Stem cell therapy for retinal pigment epithelium disorders.World journal of stem cells · 2025Review
- Effect of immunosuppression on hESC-derived retina organoids in vitro and in vivo.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Preserving blood-retinal barrier integrity: a path to retinal ganglion cell protection in glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Gene Expression and the Regulatory Role of microRNAs Related to the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Treated With Lipopolysaccharide A and Tacrolimus.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Article
- Loss of Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor Sensitizes C57BL/6J Mice to Light-Induced Retinal Damage.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Subretinal microglia support donor photoreceptor survival in rd1 mice.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Article
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated immune responses to degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2024Article
- In Vivo Visualization of Intravascular Patrolling Immune Cells in the Primate Eye.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The ocular tissue microenvironment is immune privileged and uses several mechanisms of immunosuppression to prevent the induction of inflammation. Besides being a blood-barrier and source of photoreceptor nutrients, the retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) regulate the activity of immune cells within the retina. These mechanisms involve the expression of immunomodulating molecules that make macrophages and microglial cells suppress inflammation and promote immune tolerance. The RPE have an important role in ocular immune privilege to regulate the behavior of immune cells within the retina. Reviewed is the current understanding of how RPE mediate this regulation and the changes seen under pathological conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.