Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34482718›Full record

ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2021

Vocal learning in animals and humans.

Sonja C Vernes, Vincent M Janik, W Tecumseh Fitch, Peter J B Slater

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Utterance evolution: the road to generative, combinatorial communicators.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Fast mapping in hominids.Animal cognition · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Social learning and culture in birds: emerging patterns and relevance to conservation.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Call combination production is linked to the social environment in Western Australian magpies (Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. From emotional signals to symbols.Frontiers in psychology · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Multi-level combinatoriality in magpie non-song vocalizations.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sonja C VernesSchool of Biology, The University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0305-4584
Vincent M JanikSchool of Biology, The University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7894-0121
W Tecumseh FitchUniversity of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0000-0003-1830-0928
Peter J B SlaterSchool of Biology, The University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8187-7514

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/T021985/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

LearningSpeechVocalization, AnimalAnimalsHumans

Identifiers

PMID34482718
PMCPMC8422595

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.