ArticleHeart rhythm2021
Skin sympathetic nerve activity as a biomarker of fitness.
Article in Heart rhythm, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute Effects of Resonance Breathing on Skin Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2025Trial
- Skin sympathetic nerve activity: Potential new non-invasive indicator of exercise metabolic thresholds in adults.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Skin sympathetic nerve activity as a biomarker for outcomes in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2023Article
- Autonomic nervous activity analysis based on visibility graph complex networks and skin sympathetic nerve activity.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Alterations of sympathetic dynamics after atrial fibrillation ablation by analysis sympathetic nerve activity provide prognostic value for recurrence and mechanistic insights into ablation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExercise stress testing is frequently used to expose cardiac arrhythmias. Aerobic exercise conditioning has been used as a nonpharmacologic antiarrhythmic intervention.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that noninvasively recorded skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) is increased during exercise and that SKNA response varies according to fitness levels.
methodsOxygen consumption (VO
resultsWith exercise, all patients had a significant increase in average SKNA (aSKNA) (1.58 ± 1.12 μV to 4.50 ± 3.06 μV, P = .000) and heart rate (HR) (87.40 ± 20.42 bpm to 154.13 ± 16.82 bpm, P = .000). A mixed linear model of aSKNA was used with fixed effects of fitness, exercise time, and recovery time, and random effects of subject level intercept and slopes for exercise time and recovery times. The poor fitness group had significantly higher aSKNA than the other groups (P = .0273). For all subjects studied, aSKNA increased by 5% per minute with progression of exercise and decreased by 15% per minute with progression of recovery. The fitness variable encodes information on both comorbidities and body mass index (BMI). Once fitness level is known, comorbidities and BMI are not significantly associated with aSKNA. In all groups, aSKNA positively correlated with HR (R
conclusionFitness level determines the magnitude and time course of SKNA increase during exercise. SKNA may be a useful fitness biomarker in exercise stress testing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.