ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2022
Medication Use in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Changes from 2010 to 2018.
Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and scoring-based selection of pharmacokinetic models for precision dosing of vancomycin in neonates and children.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Urinary Acetaminophen Metabolites and Clinical Outcomes in Extremely Premature Infants.American journal of perinatology · 2025Pooled it
- Shorter versus longer duration antibiotic regimens for treatment of suspected neonatal sepsis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Furosemide for patent ductus arteriosus during cyclooxygenase inhibitor therapy: A systematic review.Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric SocietyPooled it
- Metronidazole exposure-response and safety in infants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- Furosemide Safety in Preterm Infants at Risk for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Trial
- What is the role of diuretics in the prevention and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?Current treatment options in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Enabling evidence generation for extremely preterm neonates: the use of neonatal real-world data.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Antibiotic Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of Neonatal Sepsis.Clinics in perinatology · 2026Review
- Inhaled vitamin A mitigates hyperoxia-induced acute and chronic lung damage in a neonatal rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Analgesia and sedation in premature infants receiving invasive ventilation: a systematic scoping review.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Variation of caffeine use in late preterm infants in U.S. NICUs over time: A 12-year cohort study.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Differential Analysis of Neonatal Adverse Drug Events from Intrauterine and Extrauterine Exposure: Insights into Administration Routes Using the FAERS Database.Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie · 2026Article
- When Science Outpaces Infrastructure: People, Process, and Technology Challenges for Precision Dosing in Children.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- A CYP3A7 metabolically competent human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cell (hHLCDrug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2026Article
- Why leave neonatal therapies up to chance?Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Evaluating the duration of post-discontinuation therapeutic ampicillin exposures in preterm infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Outcomes of early-phase ampicillin plus aminoglycosides versus ampicillin plus cefotaxime for preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics, Antibiotic Resistance Trends, and Associated Molecular Epidemiology Traits inOpen forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Safety Analysis of Furosemide in Preterm Infants.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo provide up-to-date medication prescribing patterns in US neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and to examine trends in prescribing patterns over time. STUDY
designWe performed a cohort study of 799 016 infants treated in NICUs managed by the Pediatrix Medical Group from 2010 to 2018. We used 3 different methods to report counts of medication: exposure, courses, and days of use. We defined the change in frequency of medication administration by absolute change and relative change. We examined the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) package insert for each medication to determine whether a medication was labeled for use in infants and used PubMed to search for pharmacokinetics (PK) studies.
resultsThe most frequently prescribed medications included ampicillin, gentamicin, caffeine citrate, poractant alfa, morphine, vancomycin, furosemide, fentanyl, midazolam, and acetaminophen. Of the top 50 medications used in infants with extremely low birth weight, only 20 (40%) are FDA-labeled for use in infants; of the 30 that are not labeled for use in infants, 13 (43%) had at least 2 published PK studies. The medications with the greatest relative increase in use from 2010 to 2018 included dexmedetomidine, clonidine, rocuronium, levetiracetam, atropine, and diazoxide. The medications with the greatest relative decrease in use included tromethamine acetate, pancuronium, chloral hydrate, imipenem + cilastatin, and amikacin.
conclusionTrends of medication use in the NICU change substantially over time. It is imperative to identify changes in medication use in the NICU to better inform further prospective studies.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.