Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34481504›Full record

ArticleBMC complementary medicine and therapies2021

Topical gel based nanoparticles for the controlled release of oleanolic acid: design and in vivo characterization of a cubic liquid crystalline anti-inflammatory drug.

Zhiqi Shi, Shugang Pan, Luolin Wang, Sha Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zhiqi ShiChangzhou Institute of Industry and Technology, No.28#, Mingxin Road, Changzhou, 213164, Jiangsu Province, China. shi_mars@foxmail.com.
Shugang PanChangzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, 213022, Jiangsu Province, China.
Luolin WangGuangdong Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong Province, China.
Sha LiWuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.8#, Zhongnan Road, Wuxi, 214071, Jiangsu Province, China. sl0426@foxmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOleanolic acid (OA) has multiple pharmaceutical applications including anti-inflammatory activity, but low permeability of the molecule limits its widespread use.

methodsA cubic liquid crystalline nanoparticle (LCNP)-based gel was prepared as a potential topical delivery system for OA. The LCNP-based gel was optimized using rheological, drug release kinetic, and ex vivo permeation studies.

resultsThe studies showed that the OA was trapped in the interior of the LCNP with a crystal form of Pn3m space. The optimized LCNP formulation performed well using in vitro release studies for up to 12 h (85.49 ± 0.21%). Ex vivo permeation studies showed that the LCNP-based gel formulation was superior to a standard gel formulation. The r

conclusionsIn this study, OA-loaded LCNPs were prepared by the precursor method, resulting in a well-characterized OA-LCNP gel preparation. The gel was shown to be effective in a rodent carrageenan-induced hind paw inflammation model with sustained efficacy after a single application.

Indexed as

Administration, CutaneousAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsDelayed-Action PreparationsGelsInflammationLiquid CrystalsOleanolic AcidPlant ExtractsRatsRats, WistarSkin AbsorptionAnti-Inflammatory AgentsDelayed-Action PreparationsGelsOleanolic AcidPlant ExtractsAnti-inflammatoryLCNP-based gelOleanolic acidPermeation studies

Identifiers

PMID34481504
PMCPMC8417955

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.