Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34481485›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2021

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) for undergraduate medical students in Sudan: sources of information, knowledge about terms, skills related to EBM and attitude toward EBM in Sudan.

Elfatih A Hasabo, Walaa Elnaiem, Abrar Y Ali, Anfal M Altahir, Elmuiz A Hsabo, Malaz I Ibrahim, Dania M Modathir, Ryan T Aljaaly, Malaz M ElSiddig, Sara M Abdalbagi and 1 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Evidence-Based Medicine:Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Elfatih A HasaboFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. elfatih.ahmed.hasabo@gmail.com.
Walaa ElnaiemFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Abrar Y AliFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Anfal M AltahirFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Elmuiz A HsaboDepartment of Urology, Wythenshawe hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Malaz I IbrahimFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Dania M ModathirFaculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ryan T AljaalyFaculty of Medicine, Nile Valley University, Atbara, Sudan.
Malaz M ElSiddigFaculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Gezira, Sudan.
Sara M AbdalbagiFaculty of Medicine, University of Kassala, Kassala, Sudan.
Heitham AwadallaDepartment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvidence-based medicine (EBM) is the use of the current best evidence for patient care. Medical students should critically appraise the research evidence to help them during their clinical practice in the future. We conducted this study to assess the skills, terms and attitude toward EBM.

methodWe conducted a cross-sectional study for medical students from governmental universities. Students completed an online validated questionnaire consisting of several sections to assess skills, attitude and knowledge about terms related to EBM. We used a scale ranging from 1(strongly disagree) to 5(strongly agree) for the 11 questions assessing the attitude and a scale ranging from 1(Poor) to 5(advanced) for EBM skills.

resultsA total of 761 medical students with a mean age of 21.97 ± 1.64 participated in the study. 327 (43 %) of them were males. The most commonly used search engines were Google 690 (91 %) and Wikipedia 465 (61 %). Medical books 719 (94 %) and lecture notes 353 (46 %) were the most common sources for health information. The majority of students rated their skills related to EBM as average and below average for all questions (overall = 2.18 ± 0.8). Students rated their skills as poor (31 %) in locating professional literature, as average (34 %) in searching online databases, poor (42 %) in critical appraisal of a scientific publication reporting findings from clinical research and poor (36 %) in Critical appraisal of available scientific literature. Regarding attitude, the overall mean score was 2.83 ± 0.76. There is no significant difference in attitude score between students with or without EBM training (P = 0.2). The terms with the highest understanding were case-control study (45 %) and case report (44 %) for study design. Median (44 %) and sample size (43 %) for statistics. Incidence (46 %) and prevalence (44 %) for epidemiology.

conclusionsMedical students have a knowledge gap in skills and terms related to EBM and an average attitude towards EBM. The majority of them were using a nonscientific search engine to obtain medical information. There is a need to educate students about the proper steps for getting the scientific literature and EBM skills.

Indexed as

Students, MedicalCase-Control StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesEvidence-Based MedicineHumansMaleSudanAttitudeEvidence-based medicineSkillsSource of informationSudan

Identifiers

PMID34481485
PMCPMC8417679

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.